United States. Navy -- History -- World War, 1914-1918; World War, 1914-1918 -- Naval operations, American
The people of New York have just cause for pride in the fleet now
assembled in their harbor. Not only is it composed of the finest
and most efficient warships that we have ever had, but it is
not excelled, except in size, by the fleet of any nation in the
world. Our ships and guns are as good as any in the world; our
officers are as good as any; and our enlisted men are superior in
training, education, physical development and devotion to duty to
those of any other navy. As President of the General Board for the
past fifteen years, I can say with absolute confidence that the
efficiency of the fleet has steadily progressed, and has never been
so high as it is today.
For months we had been at work on a plan for reorganizing the fleet.
Completed and put into effect in July, 1915, that plan proved so
efficient that it was continued throughout the war. Four battleships,
the _Pennsylvania_, _Nevada_, _Oklahoma_ and _Arizona_, ten destroyers,
seven submarines, and two tenders, the _Melville_ and the _Bushnell_,
were completed in 1915-16.
Battle and target practice were conducted with a constant improvement
in gunnery. In August, 1916, there was held off the North Atlantic
Coast the largest "war game" in the annals of the Navy. Eighty-three
vessels, including twenty-eight battleships and thirteen submarines,
engaged in this strategic maneuver, which lasted for four days, and
simulated the conditions of a great naval battle.
Congress had, in 1913-14, authorized the construction of five
dreadnaughts as compared with only two granted by the previous
Congress, and we were building more destroyers and submarines than in
previous years. Forty-one more ships were in commission, and there
were 5,000 more men in the service than there had been in 1913. The
fleet was incomparably stronger than it had ever been before, but we
were heartily tired of the hand-to-mouth policy that had prevailed so
long, a policy that made it impossible to plan far ahead and develop
a consistent and well-balanced fleet. In common with its officers, I
wanted the United States to possess a navy equal to any afloat, and to
initiate a building program that should be continuous and not haphazard.
Consequently, in July, 1915, I requested Admiral Dewey to have the
General Board submit its opinion of what should be done to give us a
navy worthy of this country and able to cope with any probable enemy.
In response the General Board set forth this policy, which has guided
us ever since and is now nearing a triumphant reality:
The Navy of the United States should ultimately be equal to the
most powerful maintained by any other nation of the world. It
should be gradually increased to this point by such a rate of
development, year by year, as may be permitted by the facilities
of the country, but the limit above defined should be attained not
later than 1925.
[Illustration: WAR CHIEFS OF THE NAVY, THE SECRETARY AND HIS ADVISORY
COUNCIL
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