Our Schools in War Time—and AfterDean, Arthur D. (Arthur Davis)
History
Our Schools in War Time—and After
Dean, Arthur D. (Arthur Davis)
Education -- United States; World War, 1914-1918 -- War work -- Schools
The government institution of St. Maurice follows the lead of the
now famous L'École Joffre, which in turn learned much from a school
at Charleroi, maintained before the war for victims of industrial
accidents. L'École Joffre was the pioneer which has blazed the way for
the technical instruction of the wounded. It was founded under the
direction of the city of Lyons, with the mayor of the city, Edouard
Herriot, most active in the undertaking, and Maurice Barrès to spread
its fame with winged words. To house it, an old disused château in a
populous part of the city was put in order late in 1914, and early
in 1915 the men discharged from the hospital and pronounced suitable
for training entered upon their course of instruction. The first one
hundred cases received were restricted to those disabled but cured of
wounds, the partially paralyzed, and those recovered from amputation.
To direct the technical work, Monsieur Basèque, a professor in the
industrial-accident school at Charleroi, was chosen. The success of
the school was immediate, and by September another was opened in the
outskirts of the city to accommodate 80 men.
Naturally, at first, experiments were made, and the experience of
L'École Joffre is most valuable to us. Three schemes were inaugurated:
one, called _placement à domicile_, where an allowance was made the
man, who was to live in his own home while he entered a workshop to
learn a craft of some sort; another, _la mode de l'externat_, where
the man pupil lived at his home or in lodgings while attending classes
daily, receiving at the school at noon a canteen meal in order to save
the time which would otherwise be taken in going home; and a third, _le
régime de l'internat_, where he lived in the institution as a pupil
in a boarding school. Experience developed that this last method was
the only one which might be adopted with any assurance of success,
the others subjecting the men to possible discouragement, through the
jealousy shown by other shop workers, the necessarily slow progress,
the inequality of pay, the varying degrees of instruction, and
insufficient supervision. Canada too, after investigation, has found
that the men throughout their training must live at the school and be
under supervision, in order to avoid discouragement and the forming
of bad habits of idleness and alcoholism, and to insure continuity of
interest in their work.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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