5. It will have been clearly seen that there are two main elements in the English language--the Teutonic element, which is by far the most important; and the Latin element. It is interesting to trace the relative proportion of these two elements as used by the great English writers. In the seventeenth century, especially in such writers as Milton and Sir Thomas Browne, we find a large use of the Latin element, accompanied by a Latin or complex and involved structure of sentence. Towards the end of the century, and especially in the beginning of the eighteenth, during the period of Queen Anne, a simpler style prevailed, the classical element being more sparingly used. But as we proceed into the eighteenth century, the Latin part of the language is again more largely employed by such writers as Johnson, Gibbon, and Hume; and it is again accompanied by a more formal and elaborate structure of sentence. But before the century closes, there is a return to simplicity and naturalness. 6. In the present century there are many influences specially worth noting as affecting the language: (i) =Social and Political Causes.=--Society is a complex thing, continually growing. New facts and ideas are perpetually making themselves felt, necessitating new words, or a more extending meaning in old words. In this province, then, changes in language are incessantly required. Hence the need for such new words as _extradition_, _neutralisation_, _secularisation_; even for such unhappy coinages as _burke_. On occasion of the great volunteer reviews of 1881, words like _entrain_ and _detrain_, applied to troops, could be noticed creeping in. _Closure_ and _clôture_ were rivals for currency during the debates of 1882; and _Boycott_ began to present serious claims to permanent citizenship in the English tongue. (ii) =Popularising of Technical and Scientific Terms.=--One of the most marked features of the nineteenth century is the great diffusion of scientific knowledge, and the application of it to the uses of practical life. The highest scientific results are becoming common property; and the discoveries of science have been made to satisfy the common needs of men. The result is that terms once unknown or exclusively technical have gained the widest currency in the popular speech. There is no need to mention such familiar words as _telegraph_, _photograph_, or even _telephone_ or _photophone_. The old noun _wire_ has now established its right to be used as a verb. In other spheres such terms as _objective_, _subjective_, _æsthetics_, now fulfil important functions; _æsthete_ also seems too useful a word to be dispensed with. (iii) =Revival of Archaisms.=--In many of our recent poets there has been a tendency to revive some of the old Spenserian or Shaksperian words. But as these are purely literary terms, with no currency in the common speech, they need not be dwelt on.