Outline of the history of the English language and literatureAnonymous
History
Outline of the history of the English language and literature
Anonymous
English language -- History; English literature -- History and criticism
=Homestead=, the _stead_ or place of a home; a farm inclosure.
_Stead_, A.S. _stede_, occurs in in_stead_, _stead_fast, and
_stead_y. Cf. also _roadstead_, a place where ships ride at anchor.
=Husband=, the master of a _house_. Short for _house-band_. The
_band_ is present participle of a word meaning ‘to dwell.’
=Hussy=, short for _housewife_. Compare _bos’n_ for _boatswain_.
=Icicle= = _ice-gicel_. The termination is not to be confounded with
the diminutive ending _-icle_, which is of Latin origin. _Gicel_ =
a small piece of ice, and is therefore redundant.
=Intoxicate=, to _drug_ or poison. From a Low Latin verb to poison,
from Greek _toxon_, an arrow, because arrows were frequently dipped
in poison.
=Island=, _water-land_ (O. E. _ea_, water, and _land_). The _s_ is
intrusive, and due to a confusion with _isle_, which is from Lat.
_insula_, an island. Milton always spells it _iland_.
=Jaw= (old spelling, _chaw_), from _chew_, therefore = that which
_chews_.
=Jerusalem artichoke=, It. _girasole_; Lat. _gyrus_ (Gr. _gyros_), a
circle, and _sol_, the sun. The artichoke is a kind of sunflower.
_Jerusalem_ is a corruption; like _sparrow-grass_ for _asparagus_.
=Kickshaws=, a corruption of French _quelques choses_.
=Kindness=, the feeling that is natural to those of the same _kin_ or
family.
=Lanthorn=, Lat. _lanterna_. No connection with _horn_.
=Ledge=, a place on which things may be _laid_. From the verb _lay_.
=Likewise=, in _like wise_ or manner.
=Line=, to cover with _linen_ on the inside.
=Linen=, cloth made from _lint_ or flax.
=Liquorice=, Gr. _glukurrhiza_ = sweet root; from _glukus_, sweet,
and _rhiza_, a root.
=Meadow=, place where grass is _mown_ or cut down. Compare _math_ and
_aftermath_.
=Morris-dance= = Moorish dance.
=Naught=, _no-whit_, nothing.
=Ness=, a promontory or headland. A doublet of _naze_, and probably
connected with _nose_. It occurs frequently in place-names along
the shores of the North Sea, as in Sheer_ness_, Caith_ness_, the
_Naze_.
=Nonce=, in ‘for the nonce’ = for the once, for the one occasion; M.
E. _for then ones_. The _n_ belongs to the article, and represents
the _m_ of the dative of the article, namely _tham_. Compare a
newt, for an ewt; nuncle for mine uncle; a nickname for an
eke-name; a nugget or ningot for an ingot.
=Nostrils=, corrupted form of _nose-thirles_, nose-holes. (Thirl is
connected with _thrill_, _drill_, etc.)
=Notwithstanding=, _not withstanding_--that is, not standing against.
The _with_ has in this word the old sense of _against_.
=Nurse=, one who _nourishes_ (Fr. _nourrice_).
=Nutmeg= = musk-nut. M. E. _note-muge_, O. Fr. _muge_, musk. Lat.
_muscus_.
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