The idea of symbol and the idea of mystery are correlative. Who says
symbol says at the same time occultation and revelation. In becoming
present and even sensible, the living verity still remains veiled. The
same image that reveals it to the heart remains for the intellect an
impassable barrier. One may say of it what the poet says of the sense
of the infinite, for, at bottom, it is the same thing. "We are
restless because we see it but can never comprehend it."
This inquietude is soothed by a clear knowledge of the cause from which
it springs. Symbols are the only language suited to religion. We need
to know that which we adore; for no one adores that of which he has no
perception; but it is not less necessary that we should not comprehend
it, for one does not adore that which he comprehends too clearly,
because to comprehend is to dominate. Such is the twofold and
contradictory condition of piety, to which symbols seem to be made
expressly in order to respond. Piety has never had any other language.
In considerations of this kind might be found the explanation of the
bond which in the beginning unites religion and art. But we must
confine ourselves to our special topic, and proceed to inquire what it
is that constitutes the life and power of religious symbols.
It would be an illusion to believe that a religious symbol represents
God in Himself, and that its value, therefore, depends on the
exactitude with which it represents Him. The true content of the
symbol is entirely subjective: it is the conscious relation of the
subject to God, or rather, it is the way he feels himself affected by
God. Thus when the Psalmist exclaims: "The Lord is my rock"; or "God
is a devouring fire"; when the Christ teaches us to say, "Our
Father,"--these are not scientific, and in this case metaphysical,
definitions of God. What these images simply translate is the relation
of absolute confidence, of awe, of filial love, which, by His
mysterious action, the Spirit of God creates in revealing Himself in
the spirit of man. From these divers feelings spring spontaneously the
strong and simple images which translate them, and which, if these
subjective experiences are eliminated, have no content and no truth.
From this point of view we may see in what religious inspiration
psychologically consists. Neither its aim nor its effect is to
communicate to men exact, objective, ready-made ideas on that which by
its nature is unknowable under the scientific mode; but it consists in
an enrichment and exaltation of the inner life of its subject; it sets
in motion his inward religious activity, since it is in that that God
reveals Himself; it excites new feelings, constituting new concrete
relations of God to man, and by the fact of this creative activity it
spontaneously engenders new images and new symbols, of which the real
content is precisely this revelation of the God-spirit in the inner
life of the spirit of man.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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