The Temple rebuilt by Herod 20 C.E. Judea a Roman province 7 Origin of the Christian religion 37 Philo, Jewish philosopher in Alexandria 40 Fall of Jerusalem and destruction of the Temple 70 Jochanan ben Zakkai establishes a college at Jamnia 70 The Pentateuch is translated into Chaldee by Onkelos, 130 and the whole Bible into Greek by Akylos The Jews rise under Barcochba against the Romans 133‒135 Akiba dies 135 Compilation of the Mishnah by Rabbi Judah ha-Nasi 190 Colleges founded in Babylonia by Rab and Samuel 219 The Jerusalem Talmud compiled 320 Hillel II. fixes the Jewish calendar (at present 360 in use) The Babylonian Talmud completed 500 A Jewish kingdom in Yemen 500 First Gaon in Sura, Mar Isaac 658 Origin of the vowel signs and accents in Hebrew 650 The Arabs conquer Spain 711 The Chazars embrace Judaism 740 Development of Karaism 761 Saadia of Fajum, philosopher and theologian 892‒942 Foundation of colleges by Babylonian scholars in Western countries 950 Hai, the last of the Gaonim 998‒1038 Solomon Gabirol 1037‒1070 Rashi (Rabbi Solomon Yitschaki) 1040‒1105 Beginning of the Crusades and of the persecutions 1096 of the Jews in Europe Moses ibn Ezra 1070‒1139 Judah ha-Levi 1085‒1145 Abraham ibn Ezra 1092‒1167 Moses Maimonides 1135‒1204 Benjamin of Tudela, traveller 1165‒1173 Persecution of Jews in England under Richard I. 1189 The writings of Maimonides burnt at Paris 1233 The Jewish Parliament summoned by Henry III. 1240 Copies of the Talmud burnt at Paris 1242 Expulsion of Jews from England 1290 Jacob Asheri completes the religious code called 1340 the Four Turim Persecution of Jews in Europe in consequence of the 1349 Black Death Don Isaac Abarbanel 1437‒1509