Oxford (England) -- History; University of Oxford -- History
Saith the _Historiola_, then, after premising that the University is the
most ancient, the most comprehensive, the most orthodox and the most
richly endowed with privileges:--
"Very ancient British histories imply the priority of its
foundation, for it is related that amongst the warlike Trojans,
when with their leader Brutus they triumphantly seized the island,
then called Albion, next Britain, and lastly England, certain
philosophers came and chose a suitable place of habitation upon
this island, on which the philosophers who had been Greek bestowed
the name which they have left behind them as a record of their
presence, and which exists to the present day, that is to say
Grekelade...."
The grounds of the other statements quoted from John Rous are yet more
fanciful. The assertion that the University was transferred from without
to within the city walls is a vague echo of a worthless story, and the
name given to the town Bellesitum is obviously a confusion arising from
the latinised form of Beaumont, the palace which Henry I. built on the
slope towards S. Giles. The names of Caer-bossa and Ridochen
(Rhyd-y-chen) are equally unhistorical, and are based upon the fantastic
Welsh equivalents of Oxenford, invented by the fertile genius of
Geoffrey of Monmouth for the purposes of his romance (twelfth century).
It would scarcely have been worth while to mention even so briefly the
ingenious myths of the early chroniclers if it had not been for the fact
that they have swamped more scientific history and that they were used
with immense gusto by the champions in that extraordinary controversy
which broke out in the days of Elizabeth, and lasted, an inky warfare of
wordy combatants, almost for centuries. It was a controversy in which
innumerable authorities were quoted, and resort was had even to the
desperate device of forgery.
It arose from the boast of the Cambridge orator, who on the occasion of
a visit of Elizabeth to Cambridge, declared:
"To our great glory all histories with one voice testify that the
Oxford University borrowed from Cambridge its most learned men, who
in its schools provided the earliest cradle of the _ingenuæ artes_,
and that Paris also and Cologne were derived from our University."
With that assertion the fat was in the fire. Assertions were issued, and
counter-assertions, commentaries and counter-commentaries.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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