[1] Alexander E. Outerbridge, Jr.: "A Novel Method of Detecting Mineral Oil and Resin Oil in Other Oils." Proc. 14th Annual Meet., Amer. Soc. for Testing Mater., Atlantic City, N.J., June 28, 1911. [Illustration: View of Stills Where Petroleum Paint Thinners are Manufactured (Waverly)] ANALYSIS OF DEBLOOMED MINERAL PAINT OIL[2] ========+============+================+===== Sp. Gr. | Iodine No. | Saponification | Acid | | No. | No. --------+------------+----------------+----- .92 | 12 | 4 | 0 ========+============+================+===== [2] Oil of mirbane present, probably as a deblooming agent, or to mask the odor. =Pine Oil.= This oil is produced by the redistillation of the heavy, high boiling point fractions resulting from the steam distillation of wood turpentine. It is a heavy straw-colored oil, and should be of some use in the paint and varnish industry, where a high boiling point solvent with an oxidizing principle is desired. It will probably find application in the manufacture of Baking Japans, Asphalt Paints and Enamels. Its oxidizing and solvent values are very high. It has a distinctive sweet pine smell, which makes it popular in the manufacture of turpentine substitutes from petroleum spirits. The writer has examined samples of this material, and the following appear to be of the best grade: CONSTANTS OF PINE OILS ==========================+======================+==================== | No. 1 | No. 2 --------------------------+----------------------+-------------------- Color |Straw Color |Light Yellow Specific Gravity at 15 deg. C.|.934 |.936 Boiling Point |192 deg. C. |202 deg. C. Distillation |95% distils between |95% distils between | 192-270 deg. C. | 202-280 deg. C. Residue on Evaporation |14.34% |14.60% Polymerization Test |3-2/3% unpolymerized |2-1/2% unpolymerized | at end of 1/2 hour | at end of 1/2 hour Flash-Point |72 deg. C. |76 deg. C. Spot Test |Leaves no grease spot |Same as Pine Oil No. |but only evaporates |1. |completely in 24 hours| ==========================+======================+==================== =Turpentine.= By direct fire or steam distillation of the sap drippings collected in pockets cut into pine trees, there is obtained the turpentine of commerce. It consists largely of pinene and isomeric terpenes, and has the property of attracting oxygen, with the formation of peroxides which stimulate the drying of oils. It is a high-grade solvent for various gums, and is therefore used in the manufacture of many lacquers as well as for thinning down oil-gum varnishes.