Parasites: A Treatise on the Entozoa of Man and Animals: Including Some Account of the EctozoaCobbold, T. Spencer (Thomas Spencer)
Science
Parasites: A Treatise on the Entozoa of Man and Animals: Including Some Account of the Ectozoa
Cobbold, T. Spencer (Thomas Spencer)
Helminths; Parasites
“1st. The _Cysticercus cellulosæ_ of the pig dies sometimes at 45°
C., more frequently at 47° C., ordinarily at 48° C., very seldom
reaches alive 49° C., and is quite an exception when it resists for
a few moments the temperature of 50° C., so that we can say that the
_Cysticercus_ brought gradually up to this temperature most assuredly
dies if it is kept there longer than one minute.
“2nd. A _Cysticercus cellulosæ_, extracted by Professor Raymond from the
conjunctiva of a child’s eye, died between 45° and 46° C.
“3rd. The _Cysticercus_ of the _Tænia mediocanellata_ dies sometimes at
44° C., very often at 45° C., and does not resist a temperature superior
to 46° C.
“4th. The _Cysticercus pisiformis_ of the rabbit, like the _cellulosæ_,
dies sometimes at 45° and 46° C., but generally stands still and
perishes at 47° and 48° C.
“5th. A _Cysticercus tenuicollis_ died at 49° C.
“6th. The _scolici_ of the _Cœnurus cerebralis_ of a sheep died at 42° C.
“7th. The _scolices_ of the cysts of _Echinococcus polymorphus_ die
generally between 47° and 48° C., and in no case amongst those I have
experimented on did it reach 50° C. alive.
“8th. The _Tænia cucumerina_ died, one at 43° C., and a second parasite
at 45° C.
“9th. A few individuals of _Tænia serrata_ of the dog died at 50° C.
“10th. Two individuals of _Tænia perfoliata_ of the horse died, the
first at 45° C., the second at 50° C.
“11th. The embryos of the _Filaria microstoma_ of the horse began to
stand still at 46-47°, and all died at 48° C.
“12th. The embryos of the _Filaria megastoma_ of the horse’s stomach
died at 47° C.
“13th. The _Trichina spiralis_, both free and in a cyst, in several
experiments always died at 48° C.
“14th. The embryos of the _Strongylus filaria_ of the sheep stood still
at 50° C.
“15th. Probstmayer’s viviparous oxyurids, the infusoria of the colon and
cæcum of the solipeds, and the psorosperms of the liver of the rabbit
did not stir at all.
“Each experiment lasted about ten minutes, and the temperature rose from
8-10° C. to 45-46° C. in six to eight minutes; and from 46° to 50° in
one minute. These experiments have a great value, both scientific and
practical, as they show, on one side, which is the lowest intensity of
heat sufficient to kill always the _Cysticercus_, the _Trichina_, and
other parasites, reducing thus by far the tenacity of life generally
attributed to a large number of Helminths and corresponding larval
forms. They assure us, moreover, of the harmlessness of the flesh
infected by the above-mentioned parasites, when it is cooked in such
a manner as to reach the temperature of 50° C. over all points of the
pieces, even though it be kept at such a degree of heat not longer than
five minutes.
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