Pausanias' description of Greece, Volume I.Pausanias, active approximately 150-175
History
Pausanias' description of Greece, Volume I.
Pausanias, active approximately 150-175
Greece -- Antiquities; Greece -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800
And the citadel they call Larissa from the daughter of Pelasgus, and
from two cities of that name in Thessaly, one on the coast, and one by
the river Peneus. And as you go up to the citadel there is a temple of
Hera Dwelling on the Heights, there is also a temple of Apollo, which
Pythæus, who first came from Delphi, is said to have erected. The
statue is of brass erect, and is called Apollo of the Ridgeway, for the
place is called Ridge. Oracular responses, for there is an oracle there
even to our day, are given in the following manner. The prophetess is
debarred from marriage: and when a lamb is sacrificed every month,
she tastes of the blood and becomes possessed by the god. And next to
the temple of Apollo of the Ridgeway is the temple of Athene called
_Sharp-eyed_, the votive offering of Diomede, because when he was
fighting at Ilium the goddess upon one occasion took a mist from his
eyes.[25] And close by is the race-course where they hold the games to
Nemean Zeus and to Hera. On the left of the road to the citadel is a
monument to the sons of Ægyptus. Their heads are here apart from their
bodies, for the bodies are at Lerna where the murder of the young men
was perpetrated, and when they were dead their wives cut their heads
off, to show their father their desperate deed. And on the summit of
Larissa is the temple of Larissæan Zeus, which has no roof to it: and
the statue, which is made of wood, stands no longer on its base. And
there is a temple of Athene well worth seeing. There are several votive
offerings there, and a wooden statue of Zeus, with the usual two eyes,
and a third in the forehead. This Zeus they say was the tutelary god of
Priam the son of Laomedon, and was placed in his hall in the open air,
and when Ilium was taken by the Greeks, it was to his altar that Priam
fled for refuge. And when they divided the spoil Sthenelus the son of
Capaneus got it, and placed it here. One might conjecture that the god
has three eyes for the following reason. That he reigns in heaven is
the universal tradition of all mankind. And that he reigns also under
the earth the line of Homer proves, speaking of him as
“Zeus the lord of the under world, and dread Proserpine.”[26]
And Æschylus the son of Euphorion calls him also Zeus of the sea. The
sculptor therefore whoever he was represented him with three eyes to
denote that the god rules in these three departments of the universe.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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