Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural PhilosophyNewcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Philosophy
Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural Philosophy
Newcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Newcastle, William Cavendish, Duke of, 1592-1676; Philosophy
There are various opinions concerning the seat of Common Sense, as
your _Author_ rehearseth them in his Treatise of the Immortality of
the Soul;[1] But my opinion is, That common sense hath also a common
place; for as there is not any part of the body that hath not sense
and reason, so sense and reason is in all parts of the body, as it is
observable by this, that every part is subject to pain and pleasure,
and all parts are moveable, moving and moved; also appetites are in
every part of the body: As for example, if any part itches, it hath
an appetite to be scratched, and every part can pattern out several
objects, and so several touches; and though the rational part of matter
is mixt in all parts of the body, yet it hath more liberty to make
variety of Motions in the head, heart, liver, spleen, stomack, bowels,
and the like, then in the other parts of the body; nevertheless, it is
in every part, together with the sensitive: but they do not move in
every part alike, but differ in each part more or less, as it may be
observed; and although every part hath some difference of knowledg, yet
all have life and knowledg, sense and reason, some more, some less, and
the whole body moves according to each part, and so do all the bodily
Faculties and Proprieties, and not according to one single part; the
rational Soul being in all parts of the body: for if one part of the
body should have a dead Palsie, it is not, that the Soul is gone from
that part, but that the sensitive and rational matter has altered its
motion and figure from animal to some other kind; for certainly, the
rational Soul, and so life, is in every part, as well in the Pores of
the skin, as in the ventricles of the brain, and as well in the heel
as in the head; and every part of the body knows its own office, what
it ought to do, from whence follows an agreement of all the parts: And
since there is difference of knowledg in every part of one body, well
may there be difference between several kinds and sorts, and yet there
is knowledg in all; for difference of knowledg is no argument to prove
they have no knowledg at all. Wherefore I am not of the opinion, that
that which moves the whole body, is as a Point, or some such thing in
a little kernel or _Glandula_ of the Brain, as an Ostrich-egge is hung
up to the roof of a Chamber; or that it is in the stomack like a single
penny in a great Purse; neither is it in the midst of the heart, like a
Lady in a Lobster; nor in the blood, like as a Menow, or Sprat in the
Sea; nor in the fourth Ventricle of the Brain, as a lousie Souldier
in a Watch-tower. But you may say, it is like a farthing Candle in a
great Church: I answer, That Light will not enlighten the by Chappels
of the Church, nor the Quest-house, nor the Belfrey; neither doth the
Light move the Church, though it enlightens it: Wherefore the Soul
after this manner doth not move the corporeal body, no more then the
Candle moves the Church, or the Lady moves the Lobster, or the Sprat
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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