Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural PhilosophyNewcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Philosophy
Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural Philosophy
Newcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Newcastle, William Cavendish, Duke of, 1592-1676; Philosophy
parts of Nature, as material and corporeal beings are; when as there
is great difference betwixt them, and nothing in Nature to be found,
but what is corporeal. Upon this account I take all their relations of
Dæmons, of the Genii, and of the Souls after the departure from humane
Bodies, their Vehicles, Shapes, Habitations, Converses, Conferences,
Entertainments, Exercises, Pleasures, Pastimes, Governments, Orders,
Laws, Magistrates, Officers, Executioners, Punishments, and the like,
rather for Poetical Fictions, then Rational Probabilities; containing
more Fancy, then Truth and Reason, whether they concern the divine
or natural Soul: for as for the divine Soul, the Scripture makes no
other mention of it, but that immediately after her departure out
of this natural life, she goeth either to Heaven or Hell, either to
enjoy Reward, or to suffer Punishment, according to man's actions
in this life. But as for the Natural Soul, she being material, has
no need of any Vehicles, neither is natural death any thing else
but an alteration of the rational and sensitive motions, which from
the dissolution of one figure go to the formation or production of
another. Thus the natural soul is not like a Traveller, going out of
one body into another, neither is air her lodging; for certainly, if
the natural humane soul should travel through the airy regions, she
would at last grow weary, it being so great a journey, except she did
meet with the soul of a Horse, and so ease her self with riding on
Horse-back. Neither can I believe Souls or Dæmons in the Air have any
Common-wealth, Magistrates, Officers and Executioners in their airy
Kingdom; for wheresoever are Governments, Magistrates and Executioners,
there are also Offences, and where there is power to offend, as well as
to obey, there may and will be sometimes Rebellions and Civil Wars; for
there being different sorts of Spirits, it is impossible they should
all so well agree, especially the good and evil Genii, which certainly
will fight more valiantly then _Hector_ and _Achilles_, nay, the
Spirits of one sort would have more Civil Wars then ever the _Romans_
had; and if the Soul of _Cæsar_ and _Pompey_ should meet, there would
be a cruel fight between those two Heroical souls; the like between
_Augustus's_ and _Antonius's_ Soul. But, _Madam_, all these, as I
said, I take for fancies proceeding from the Religion of the Gentiles,
not fit for Christians to embrace for any truth; for if we should, we
might at last, by avoiding to be Atheists, become Pagans, and so leap
out of the Frying-pan into the Fire, as turning from Divine Faith to
Poetical Fancy; and if _Ovid_ should revive again, he would, perhaps,
be the chief head or pillar of the Church. By this you may plainly
see, _Madam_, that I am no Platonick; for this opinion is dangerous,
especially for married Women, by reason the conversation of the Souls
may be a great temptation, and a means to bring Platonick Lovers to a
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