Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural PhilosophyNewcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Philosophy
Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural Philosophy
Newcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Newcastle, William Cavendish, Duke of, 1592-1676; Philosophy
Fourthly, If the Parents print the Image of their souls upon
the Child, then the Childs soul bears not the Image of God, but the
Image of Man, to wit, his Parents. Lastly, I cannot understand, how an
immaterial substance should make a print upon a corporeal substance,
for Printing is a corporeal action, and belongs onely to bodies. Others
may say, that the soul is from the Parents transmitted into the Child,
like as a beam of Light; but then the souls of the Parents must part
with some of their own substance; for light is a substance dividable,
in my opinion; and if it were not, yet the soul is a substance, and
cannot be communicated without losing some of his own substance,
but that is impossible; for the immaterial soul being individable,
cannot be diminished nor increased in its substance or Nature. Others
again, will have the soul produced by certain Ideas; but Ideas being
corporeal, cannot produce a substance Incorporeal or Spiritual.
Wherefore I cannot conceive how the souls of the Parents, being
individable in themselves, and not immoveable out of their bodies until
the time of death, should commix so, as to produce a third immaterial
soul, like to their own. You will say, As the Sun, which is the
fountain of heat and light, heats and enlightens, and produces other
Creatures. But I answer, The Sun doth not produce other Suns, at least
not to our knowledg. 'Tis true, there are various and several manners
and ways of Productions, but they are all natural, that is, material,
or corporeal; to wit, Productions of some material beings, or corporeal
substances; but the immaterial soul not being in the number of these,
it is not probable, that she is produced by the way of corporeal
productions, but created and infused from God, according to her nature,
which is supernatural and divine: But being the Image of God, how she
can be defiled with the impurity of sin, and suffer eternal damnation
for her wickedness, without any prejudice to her Creator, I leave to
the Church to inform us thereof. Onely one question I will add, Whether
the Soul be subject to Sickness and Pain? To which I answer: As for the
supernatural and divine Soul, although she be a substance, yet being
not corporeal, but spiritual, she can never suffer pain, sickness, nor
death; but as for the natural soul, to speak properly, there is no
such thing in Nature as pain, sickness, or death; unless in respect
to some Particular Creatures composed of natural Matter; for what Man
calls Sickness, Pain, and Death, are nothing else but the Motions of
Nature; for though there is but one onely Matter, that is, nothing but
meer Matter in Nature, without any co-mixture of either a spiritual
substance, or any thing else that is not Matter; yet this meer Matter
is of several degrees and parts, and is the body of Nature; Besides,
as there is but one onely Matter, so there is also but one onely
Motion in Nature, as I may call it, that is, meer corporeal Motion,
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