1. The empirical study of Nature ('red in tooth and claw') can tell us of purpose, not what the purpose is. The only source of knowledge of the character of God is to be found in the moral Consciousness. 2. Our moral judgements are as valid as other judgements (_e.g._ mathematical axioms), and equally reveal the thought of God, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 3. This does not imply that the moral consciousness is not gradually evolved, or that each individual's conscience is infallible, or that our moral judgements in detail are as certain as mathematical judgements, or that the detailed rules of human conduct are applicable to God, . . 63 {xiv} 4. Corollaries: (_a_) Belief in the objectivity of our moral judgements logically implies belief in God, . . . . . . . . . . . 69 (_b_) If God aims at an end not fully realized here, we have a ground for postulating Immortality, . . . . . . 77 (_c_) Evil must be a necessary means to greater good, . . 79 5. In what sense this 'limits God.' Omnipotence=ability to do all things which are in their own nature possible, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 LECTURE IV DIFFICULTIES AND OBJECTIONS, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 1. _Is the world created?_ There may or may not be a beginning of the particular series of physical events constituting our world. But, even if this series has a beginning, this implies some previous existence which has no beginning. 2. _Is the whole-time series infinite?_ Time must be regarded as objective, but the 'antinomies' involved in the nature of Time cannot be resolved, . . . . . . . . 90 3. _Are Spirits created or pre-existent?_ The close connexion and correspondence between mind and body makes for the former view. Difficulties of pre-existence--heredity, etc., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 4. _An Idealism based on Pre-existence without God_ is open to the same objections and others. Such a system provides no mind (_a_) in which and for which the whole system exists, or (_b_) to effect the correspondence between mind and body, or (_c_) to allow of a purpose in the Universe; without this the world is not rational, . 96 5. _The human mind (i.e. consciousness) not apart of the divine Consciousness_, though in the closest possible dependence upon God. The Universe a Unity, but the Unity is not that of Self-Consciousness, . . . . . . . . . 101 6. _There is no 'immediate' or 'intuitive' knowledge of God_. Our knowledge is got by inference, like knowledge of our friend's existence, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 {xv} 7. _Religion and Psychology_. It is impossible to base Religion upon Psychology or 'religious experience' without Metaphysics, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111