Physiology and histology of the Cubomedusæ: including Dr. F.S. Conant's notes on the physiologyBerger, E. W. (Edward William)
Science
Physiology and histology of the Cubomedusæ: including Dr. F.S. Conant's notes on the physiology
Berger, E. W. (Edward William)
Cubomedusae
52. A circular cut, about two inches in diameter, was made through
the epithelium of the subumbrella around the base of the oral lobes.
The animal pulsated well enough, but the contractions seemed not so
simultaneous in all parts of the margin as normally. After a few days it
had partly regenerated but died. One of the oral lobes cut off had some
power of contraction, and this some time after the operation. A similar
cut, but semicircular, made no difference between the contractions of the
two halves.
53. The whole region of the sensory clubs was cut out when the animal was
not seen to pulsate again, except in the evening, when pulsations were
observed. The oral lobes also moved.
HISTOLOGICAL.
_Method._--The following results on the histology of the sensory clubs,
their eyes, and the tentacles, as already noted, were obtained from some
of Dr. Conant’s preserved material. These results relate almost wholly
to Charybdea, with only a few references to Tripedalia, noted in their
proper place.
A portion of this material was killed after keeping the animals in the
dark for some time, for the purpose of discovering any changes in the
pigment of the eyes. I believe that a retraction of the pigment of the
long pigment cells that project between the prisms and pyramids of the
vitreous body in the retina of the distal complex eye is very evident in
eyes killed in the dark. (But more on this below.)
I obtained my best results from the material preserved in saturated
corrosive sublimate, to which had been added (5 to 10 per cent.) acetic
acid. This also was Conant’s experience in his previous work on Charybdea
and Tripedalia.
My best sections were obtained by embedding the sensory clubs in
celoidin, passing the little blocks of celoidin with the sensory clubs
into chloroform until perfectly transparent, and then into paraffine. I
then cut sections as we ordinarily cut paraffine sections, mounted and
stained them on the slide. My purpose in using this method was to avoid
the displacement of the vitreous bodies of the eyes during embedding
and cutting. This object was fully realized and more besides. Since the
sections cut by the celoidin-paraffine method gave me so decidedly the
best differentiation of the axial fibers of the retinal cells, as also of
the cilia, basal bodies, etc., I am inclined to believe that the celoidin
was in part responsible for this differentiation.
Most of my series were cut 4 µ in thickness. All in all I cut sixty-five
clubs besides making some maceration preparations from material preserved
for that purpose. These sixty-five series represent material from
fourteen bottles. As a whole, my material was good, but the material from
one bottle was decidedly superior for showing the axial fibers of the
prisms and pyramids of the retinal cells. This shows the advantage of
plenty of material. It will be evident that I had plenty of material.
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