smoke skyward as incense to the sun, hands the pipe to his neighbor, who smokes and passes it on to the next. It is passed from one to another, toward the left, until all have smoked, the leader refilling it as often as necessary. They then proceed to their next camp, where probably others join them. The same programme is carried out for three or four days before the party is prepared for action. 1839-’40.--No. I. Left-Handed-Big-Nose was killed by the Shoshoni. His left arm is represented extended, and his nose is very conspicuous. American-Horse was born in the spring of 1840. No. II. They killed a Crow and his squaw, who were found on a trail. White-Cow-Killer calls it “Large-war-party-hungry-eat-Pawnee-horses winter.” 1840-’41.--No. I. Sitting-Bear, American-Horse’s father, and others, stole two hundred horses from the Flat Heads. A trailing lariat is in the man’s hand. No. II. They stole one hundred (many) horses from the Snakes. White-Cow-Killer calls it “Little-Thunder’s-brothers-killed winter.” [Illustration: BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT PL. XLV 1841-’42. 1842-’43. 1843-’44. 1844-’45. 1845-’46. 1846-’47. THE CORBUSIER WINTER COUNTS.] 1841-’42.--No. I. The Oglálas engaged in a drunken brawl, which resulted in a division of the tribe, the Kiyuksas (Cut-Offs) separating from the others. No. II. The Oglálas got drunk on Chug Creek, and engaged in a quarrel among themselves, in which Red-Cloud’s brother was killed, and Red-Cloud killed three men. Cloud-Shield (Mahpiya-Wahacanka) was born. 1842-’43.--No. I. Feather-Ear-Rings was killed by the Shoshoni. The four lodges and the many blood-stains intimate that he was killed at the time the four lodges of Shoshoni were killed. No. II. Lone-Feather said his prayers, and took the war path to avenge the death of some relatives. White-Cow-Killer calls it “Crane’s-son-killed winter.” 1843-’44.--No. I. The great medicine arrow was taken from the Pawnees by the Oglálas and Brulés, and returned to the Cheyennes, to whom it rightly belonged. No. II. In a great fight with the Pawnees they captured the great medicine arrow which had been taken from the Cheyennes, who made it, by the Pawnees. The head of the arrow projects from the bag which contains it. The delicate waved lines (intended probably for spiral lines) show that it is sacred. White-Cow-Killer calls it “The Great-medicine-arrow-comes-in winter.” Battiste Good’s record gives the following for the same year: