Pictographs of the North American Indians. A preliminary paper: Fourth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1882-83, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1886, pages 3-256Mallery, Garrick
History
Pictographs of the North American Indians. A preliminary paper: Fourth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1882-83, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1886, pages 3-256
Mallery, Garrick
Haida Indians; Picture-writing, Indian; Tattooing
“Brought-home-the-magic-arrow winter. This arrow originally belonged
to the Cheyennes, from whom the Pawnees stole it. The Dakotas captured
it this winter from the Pawnees, and the Cheyennes then redeemed it
for one hundred horses.” His sign for the year is somewhat different,
as shown in Figure 46. As before mentioned, an attempt is made to
distinguish colors by the heraldic scheme, which in this instance may
require explanation. The upper part of the body is sable or black, the
feathers on the arrow are azure or blue, and the shaft, gules or red.
The remainder of the figure is of an undecided color not requiring
specification.
[Illustration: FIG. 46.--Magic arrow.]
1844-’45.--No. I. Male-Crow, an Oglála, was killed by the Shoshoni.
No. II. Crazy-Horse says his prayers and goes on the war path. The
waved lines are used again for crazy.
White-Cow-Killer calls it “White-Buffalo-Bull-killed by-the-Crows
winter.”
1845-’46.--No. I. White-Bull and thirty other Oglálas were killed by
the Crows and Shoshoni.
No. II. White-Bull and many others were killed in a fight with the
Shoshoni.
White-Cow-Killer calls it “Many-sick winter.”
1846-’47.--No. I. Big-Crow and Conquering-Bear had a great feast and
gave many presents.
No. II. Long-Pine, a Dakota, was killed by Dakotas. He was not killed
by an enemy, as he has not lost his scalp.
White-Cow-Killer calls it “Diver’s-neck-broken winter.”
[Illustration:
BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT PL. XLVI
1847-’48.
1848-’49.
1849-’50.
1850-’51.
1851-’52.
1852-’53.
THE CORBUSIER WINTER COUNTS.]
1847-’48.--No. I. There were a great many accidents and some legs were
broken, the ground being covered with ice.
No. II. Many were thrown from their horses while surrounding buffalo in
the deep snow, and some had their legs-broken.
White-Cow-Killer calls it “Many-legs-broken winter.”
1848-’49.--No. I. American-Horse’s father captured a Crow who was
dressed as a woman, but who was found to be an hermaphrodite and was
killed.
No. II. American-Horse’s father captured a Crow woman and gave her to
the young men, who discovered that she was an hermaphrodite and killed
her.
White-Cow-Killer calls it “Half-man-and-half-woman-killed winter.”
It is probable that this was one of those men, not uncommon among the
Indian tribes, who adopt the dress and occupation of women. [This is
sometimes compulsory, _e. g._, on account of failure to pass an ordeal.]
1849-’50.--No. I. Many died of the cramps. The cramps were those of
Asiatic cholera, which was epidemic in the United States at that time,
and was carried to the plains by the California and Oregon emigrants.
The position of the man is very suggestive of cholera.
No. II. Making-the-Hole stole many horses from a Crow tipi. The index
points to the hole, which is suggestive of the man’s name.
White-Cow-Killer calls it “The-people-had-the-cramps winter.”
1850-’51.--No. I. Wolf-Robe was killed by the Pawnees.
No. II. Many died of the small-pox.
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