A concrete hog wallow provided with a drain will enable the hog raiser to give his hogs a cool, clean refuge from the heat. If a small amount of crude oil is poured on the surface of the water, it will serve to rid the animals of lice and keep the skin in good condition. If possible, the wallow should be located near the water supply, either a tank or spring. The following sectional view of a wallow is taken from the Cement News published by the Universal Portland Cement Co. [Illustration: 1. SECTIONAL VIEW OF A CONCRETE WALLOW] It is recommended that the pool be made rectangular with rounded corners. It should not have a depth of more than 18 inches. The size should be determined by the number of pigs kept. A concrete floor 4 feet wide laid around the pool will prevent rooting and the carrying of mud into the wallow. [Illustration: 2. TROUGH FOR YOUNG PIGS] 11. =Wooden troughs for swine.= In figures 2 and 3 are shown two types of wooden troughs that are used extensively by swine raisers. The one shown in figure 2 is designed for use in feeding young pigs. As shown in the drawing it is shallow and is constructed with a flat bottom and wide end pieces. The shallowness makes it easy for the young pigs to get at the feed, and the wide ends make it difficult for the pigs to overturn it. The cross pieces prevent the hogs from lying in the trough. The drawing gives all necessary dimensions. Make out a bill of material and a bill of stock, cut the pieces, and assemble them. [Illustration: 3. TROUGH FOR MATURE HOGS] Figure 3 shows a V-shaped trough for older hogs. Like the one shown for young pigs, it is wide at the ends and is provided with cross pieces. The drawing gives all necessary dimensions. Make out bills of material and stock, and construct. 12. =Hurdles for use in stock judging.= A hurdle as described in this exercise is a panel of boards made as shown in figure 4. Hurdles are portable and are useful when sorting hogs into groups or when scoring and judging them. Three or four hurdles fastened together at the ends make a very good temporary pen. [Illustration: 4. HURDLE] The materials required are four pieces 1 by 4 inches by 12 feet, one piece 2 by 4 inches by 8 feet, and 2 pounds of eightpenny common nails. To build the panel, cut the pieces as shown in the drawing. Lay the four pieces of 2 by 4 inches on the floor, spacing them 4 feet apart, nail the bottom board, space 2 inches and nail the second board, space 3 inches and nail the third board, and nail the fourth board on the top. 13. =Making a collection of feeds.= Secure a supply of small bottles and make and label a collection of samples of feeds suitable for pigs.