Generally called Anderida from the name the Romans gave to their fort
and garrisoned place near Pevensey, this is only a change from the
earlier Andred. Coed-Andred was its Celtic name, from Coed, a wood,
which word appears also in Ked Coed (the hollow dolman in the wood),
which was corrupted into Kits Coty House; while the Cotswolds give the
Saxon addition to the Celtic name, so that the meaning is Wood-wood,
just as Durbeck or the Ravensbourne mean Water-water by the Saxon
surnaming of a Celtic name. In early Saxon charters, which are written
in Latin, it appears as Saltus-Andred, Silva-Andred, Saltus communis, or
Silva regalis, while in Saxon it is Andred, Andredsleage, or
Andredsweald.
As to the meaning of the name, Edwards thinks it a proper name, which is
very improbable considering its extent. Lambarde says Andred in the
Celtic means great, which is simplest and best, provided that such a
word is proved to exist. Dr. Guest refers it, less probably, to a Celtic
negative an and dred, a dwelling, and Lewin to “an” for the “deni,” for
oak-forest, and by a “dhu” for black.
It may be here interesting to give a list of the names borne nearly a
thousand years ago by some towns and villages in Kent, especially those
in the Weald. In a map in Furley’s _Weald_, he gives the manors and
places mentioned in the Domesday Book (A.D. 1086), and by this it
appears that settlements and cultivation were nearly all on the north
and east edges of the great forest of Anderida. The only exceptions are
Tivedale (now Tudely), Benindene (Benenden), Tepindene (Tiffenden), and
Belicedene, which are deeper in the forest.
Taking the line of the Kentish Weald from west to east, we find fringing
the primæval wood, Distreham (Westerham), Briestede (Brasted), Sondresse
(Sundridge), Brotenham (Wrotham), Nargourde (Mereworth), Pecheham (W.
Peckham), Pecheham (East Peckham), Otringebury (Wateringbury), Nedstede
(Nettlestead), Hallinges (Yalding), Meddestane (Maidstone), Boltone
Monchensei (Boughton Monchelsea), Certh (Chart Sutton), Suttone (Sutton
Valence), Sudtone (East Sutton), Olecumbe (Ulcombe), Boltone
Archiepiscopi (B. Malherbe), Bogelei (Bewley in B. Malherbe), Piventone
(Pevington), Pluckelei (Pluckley), Rotinge (Roting in Pluckley),
Litecert (Little Chart), Certh Mill, Certh (Great Chart), Eshetesford or
Estefort (Ashford), Merseham (Mersham), Aldingtone (Aldington), Limes
(Lymne), Boningtone (Bonnington), Bilsvitone (Bilsington), Rochinges
(Ruckinge), Orleverstone (Orleston), Werahorne (Warehorne), Tintintone
Dene (Tinton in Warehorne), Apeldres (Appledore), Palestre (Palster in
Wittersham), Newedene (Newenden).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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