Of these 90 human cases, 76 were fatal and autopsies were performed in all instances. Fourteen persons recovered. The number of cases of animal plague up to July, 1914, was 53. This refers only to laboratory-proven cases of rat plague. As a matter of fact, hundreds of dead rats, almost certainly plague rats, were found in the course of rat-proofing operations. Although the period covered by this epidemic approximates two years, it must not be supposed that the progress and extension of the epidemic was an uninterrupted or unobstructed one. On the contrary, such extension as occurred was made in spite of the most active suppressive effort, and it is believed that this effort brought about a creditable result, as indicated by the accompanying record. When one considers the favorable conditions for the natural spread of plague, both in Manila and throughout the Philippine Islands, and realizes the interposed difficulties and obstructions, natural and unnatural, geographic, human and domestic, which confront us at every turn of the path to correction, removal and reformation, our success in checking the spread of plague appears as a real achievement, especially when contrasted with the results of effort during the same period in a British city of similar size but a few days' sail from Manila, where the cases were numbered by thousands and where the infection still persists. FIRST MANILA CASES.--The first case of plague (June 12, 1912) occurred in a resident of Tondo, 920 Calle Antonio Rivera, and in the light of subsequent developments it may perhaps be grouped with the October cases traced to the Manila Railway Company's freight station and yard, as 920 Calle Antonio Rivera is but a stone's throw from the Manila Railway property. The connection, however, is not clear, and, on the other hand, it is not wholly inconceivable that the rat epidemic and human plague cases at the railway station in October may have been secondary to this June case. Such speculation is fruitless, however, so far as establishing facts is concerned. The second case of human plague occurred 13 days later, June 25, in a resident of a district somewhat removed from the first case, but in the same general section of the city. Then came a lull of more than a month, until August 4, during which time no case of plague occurred; or at least none was reported. August brought forth five cases on the fourth, eighth, fifteenth, and twenty-first days of the month, in residents of the Quiapo and Binondo districts. These cases were unrelated to the preceding ones so far as could be ascertained. Another lull of a month, until September 24, now occurred without a reported case of human plague. During this time, however, the first cases of rat plague were discovered, one on August 30 and two on September 6, all of them in the Quiapo district.