The plans for the improvement of Washington were prepared by the same hands that guided the artistic development of the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago. The dream city on Lake Michigan, people said, should take on enduring form in the capital of the nation. Then as the Washington plans fired the imagination of the American people, the cities throughout the country began to ask why they too should not achieve whatever of beauty and convenience their situation and their civic pride would allow. Among the first to feel the new impulse was Cleveland, a commercial city where at the time the forces of democracy were having fullest play. Taking advantage of the fact that a Federal building, a city hall, and a public library must be constructed in the near future, and that a railway station on the Lake front could not long be delayed, a commission of experts was appointed to prepare a group-plan for the location of those structures, with appropriate landscape settings; and high-minded, public-spirited citizens who were behind the movement labored until they brought harmony of action among the political agencies, and so placed the plans beyond the risk of failure. The expense involved approximates $14,000,000 for public purposes, and from three to five millions additional for railway terminals, museums, and the like. [Illustration: XXIX. PLAN FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTIRE CITY OF SAN FRANCISCO. Report of D. H. Burnham to the Association of Improvement and Adornment of San Francisco, 1904-1906.] [Illustration: XXX. BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF THE PLAN OF DEVELOPMENT FOR SAN FRANCISCO. This view shows municipal center, boulevard system, and treatment of surrounding hills as parks.] [Illustration: XXXI. PLANS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANILA, SUBMITTED TO THE PHILIPPINE COMMISSION BY D. H. BURNHAM, 1905. The essential elements of this plan are the government center and system of proposed arteries radiating from it, the railway station, and the shore road.]