FLORAL CEREMONIES, GARLANDS, AND WREATHS. -- The Altars of the Gods -- Flowers, Fragrant Woods, and Aromatics -- Incense -- Perfumes -- Ceremonies of the Assyrians, Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans -- The Roman Triumphs -- Festivals of the Terminalia and Floralia -- May-day Customs -- Well-flowering -- Harvest Festivals -- Flowers and Weddings -- Floral Games of Toulouse and Salency -- The Rosière -- Rose Pelting -- Battle of Flowers -- Japanese New Year’s Festival -- Wreaths, Chaplets, and Garlands 26 CHAPTER V. PLANTS OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. -- The Virgin Mary and her Flowers -- Joseph’s Plants -- The Plants of Bethlehem -- Flora of the Flight into Egypt -- The Herb of the Madonna -- Plants of the Virgin -- The Annunciation, Visitation, and Assumption -- The Rosary -- The Plants of Christmas -- The Garden of Gethsemane -- Plants of the Passion -- The Crown of Thorns -- The Wood of the Cross -- Veronica -- The Plants of Calvary -- The Trees and the Crucifixion -- The Tree of Judas -- Plants of St. John the Baptist -- Plant Divination on St. John’s Eve -- Flowers of the Saints -- The Floral Calendar -- Flowers of the Church’s Festivals -- Decoration of Churches -- Gospel Oaks -- Memorial Trees -- The Glastonbury Thorn -- St. Joseph’s Walnut Tree -- St. Martin’s Yew 40 CHAPTER VI. PLANTS OF THE FAIRIES AND NAIADES. -- The Elves and the Oak -- Elves of the Forest -- The Elf of the Fir-tree -- The Rose Elf -- Moss or Wood Folk -- The Black Dwarfs -- The Still Folk -- The Procca -- English Fairies -- The Fairy Steed -- Fairy Revels -- Elf Grass -- Fairy Plants -- The Cowslip, or Fairy Cup -- The Foxglove, or Lusmore -- The Four-leaved Clover -- The Fairy Unguent -- The Russalkis -- Naiades and Water Nymphs -- The Fontinalia -- Fays of the Well 64 CHAPTER VII. SYLVANS, WOOD NYMPHS, AND TREE SPIRITS. -- Fauns, Satyrs, Dryads, and Hamadryads -- The Laurel Maiden -- The Willow Nymph -- The Sister of the Flowers -- Sacred Groves and their Denizens -- The Spirits of the Forest -- The Indian Tree Ghosts -- The Burmese Nats -- The African Wood Spirits -- The Waldgeister of the Germans -- The Elder-mother -- German Tree and Field Spirits 74 CHAPTER VIII.