Playwrights on playmaking : $b and other studies of the stageMatthews, Brander
History
Playwrights on playmaking : $b and other studies of the stage
Matthews, Brander
Drama -- History and criticism; Theater
Now Shakspere was subject to the same limitations as Molière. He
composed all his plays for one company, the membership of which was
fairly constant during a score of years and more. It was also a
repertory company with frequent changes of bill. It could never be
strengthened by the special engagement of an unattached performer; it
had to suffice, such as it was. So far as we can judge by the scant
external evidence and by the abundant internal evidence of the plays
written for them by Shakspere, Ben Jonson, Beaumont and Fletcher,
and the rest, the company was composed of unusually competent
performers. It is unthinkable that Shakspere should have plotted his
superb series of tragedies, making more and more exacting demands on
the impersonators of his tragic heroes, unless he had a confident
assurance that Burbage would be equal to them. And this confidence
could not fail to be a stimulus to him, encouraging him to seek out
stories for the ample display of his friend’s great gifts.
From all we have learnt of late about Shakspere we are justified in
believing that he was a shrewd man of affairs with a keen eye to
the main chance. He was a sharer in the takings at the door; and he
could not but know that those plays are most attractive to the public
which contain the most parts demanding and rewarding good acting.
So we must infer that he put into his plays the characters in which
he judged that his comrades could appear to best advantage. He not
only wrote good parts for good actors, he wrote special parts for
special actors, shaping his characters to the performers who were to
impersonate them. In other words he provided, and he had to provide,
made-to-order garments.
That he did this repeatedly and regularly, just as Molière was to
do it three-quarters of a century later on the other side of the
channel, is plainly evident, altho we do not now know the special
qualifications of his actors as well as we do those of Molière’s. But
we cannot doubt that the company contained one actor of villains,
of “heavies” as they are termed in the theater. I hazard a guess
that this was Condell, afterwards the associate of Heming in getting
out the First Folio; but whoever he was, Condell or another, he was
entrusted with Iago, with Edmund in ‘King Lear,’ with the King in
‘Hamlet,’ and with the rest of Shakspere’s bold, bad men.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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