Plutarch on the Delay of the Divine JusticePlutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch on the Delay of the Divine Justice
Plutarch
Punishment -- Early works to 1800
7. Enough has been said on this point. To pass to another
consideration, do you not think that it was wise in some of the Greek
states to copy the Egyptian law, that a woman with child under sentence
of death shall have her sentence suspended till her child is born?
We think so,—they all said.
Then I continued,—If one cannot bear children, yet will be able
in process of time to bring forth into the light some clandestine
transaction or conspiracy, or will disclose some lurking evil, or will
become the author of some salutary counsel, or will invent a supply for
some urgent need, is not he who awaits the benefit that will accrue
from delay in punishing such a man wiser than he who would put the
offender out of the way at once? So I think.
And so do we, said PATROCLEAS.
You are right, said I. For consider that, if Dionysius[18:1] had been
punished in the beginning of his tyrannical reign, none of Greek
descent would ever have lived again in Sicily after its devastation by
the Carthaginians. Nor, if Periander[19:1] had been speedily punished,
would Greeks have again inhabited Apollonia, or Anactorium, or the
peninsula of the Leucadians.[19:2] I think, too, that Cassander’s
punishment was delayed, that Thebes might be repeopled.[19:3] The
larger part of the strangers that had plundered the temple,[19:4] and
afterwards went to Sicily with Timoleon, perished wretchedly in their
guilt, but not till they had conquered the Carthaginians, and put an
end to their oppressive rule.[20:1] Indeed, the Deity uses some bad
men as public executioners to punish others, and then destroys the
executioners themselves. This, I think, has been the case with most
tyrants. For as the gall of the hyena, and the saliva of the sea-calf,
and other parts of loathsome beasts, have a certain virtue in the cure
of diseases, so upon some who need severe chastisement God inflicts
the implacable bitterness of a tyrant or the annoying oppression of
a chieftain, and removes not what pains and troubles them till the
disease is cured and purged away. Such a medicine was Phalaris[20:2]
to the people of Agrigentum, and Marius to the Romans.[20:3] God
indeed expressly foretold to the people of Sicyon that they would
of necessity be severely scourged, for seizing as of their own city
Teletias, a Cleonaean youth, who had been crowned in the Pythian games,
and then tearing him in pieces.[21:1] Accordingly Orthagoras, and after
him Myron and Cleisthenes and their satellites, put an end to their
lawlessness. But the Cleonaeans, not chancing to have the same curative
treatment, came to naught.[21:2] Hear also Homer, when he says,
“A son endowed with every virtue sprang
From parentage that gave no sign of virtue.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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