Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 1 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 1 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
or that he is not a Malta-shock, delicately brought up in the lap of a
fond widow. He is not a jot more rational who would be an Empedocles,
a Plato, or a Democritus, and write about the universe and the reality
of things therein, and at the same time would sleep by the dry side of
an old woman, because she is rich, as Euphorion did; or be admitted to
debauch with Alexander amongst his club of drunkards, as Medius was;
or be concerned that he is not in as high a vogue of admiration as
Ismenias was for his riches and Epaminondas for his virtue. For those
who run races do not think they have injury done them if they are
not crowned with those garlands which are due to the wrestlers, but
they are rather transported with joy at their own rewards. “Sparta has
fallen to thy lot; honor and adorn her.” Solon hath expressed himself
to this purpose:—
Virtue for sordid wealth shall not be sold;
It’s beauty far outshines the miser’s gold.
This without Fortune’s shocks doth still endure;
But that’s possession is insecure.[86]
And Strato, who wrote of physics, when he heard that Menedemus had
a great number of scholars, asked: What wonder is it, if more come
to wash than to be anointed? And Aristotle, writing to Antipater,
declared, that Alexander was not the only one who ought to think
highly of himself because his dominion extended over many subjects,
since they had a right to think as well of themselves who entertained
becoming sentiments of the Gods. So that, by having a just opinion of
our own excellences, we shall be disturbed with the less envy against
those of other men. But now, although in other cases we do not expect
figs from the vine nor grapes from the olive-tree, yet, if we have not
the complicated titles of being rich and learned, philosophers in the
schools and commanders in the field, if we cannot flatter, and have the
facetious liberty to speak what we please, nay, if we are not counted
parsimonious and splendid in our expenses at the same time, we grow
uneasy to ourselves, and despise our life as maimed and imperfect.
Besides, Nature seems to instruct us herself; for, as she ministers
different sorts of food to her animals, and hath endowed them with
diversity of appetites,—some to eat flesh, others to pick up seed, and
others to dig up roots for their nourishment,—so she hath bestowed
upon her rational creatures various sorts of accommodations to sustain
their being. The shepherd hath one distinct from the ploughman; the
fowler hath another peculiar to himself; and the fourth lives by the
sea. So that in common equity we ought to labor in that vocation which
is appointed and most commodious for us, and let alone the rest; and so
not to prove that Hesiod fell short of the truth when he spake after
this manner:—
The potter hates another of the trade,
If by his hands a finer dish is made;
The smith his brother smudge with scorn doth treat,
If he his iron strikes with brisker heat.[87]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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