Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
9. And now what other or better reconciliation of these seeming
contrarieties than his own explanation, to those that are willing
to apprehend it? For he declares to have been without beginning the
never procreated soul, that moved all things confusedly and in an
irregular manner before the creation of the world. But as for that
which God composed out of this and that other permanent and choicest
substance, making it both prudent and orderly, and adding of his own,
as if it were for form and beauty’s sake, intellect to sense, and
order to motion, and which he constituted prince and chieftain of
the whole,—that he acknowledges to have had a beginning and to have
proceeded from generation. Thus he likewise pronounces the body of the
world in one respect to be eternal and without beginning, in another
sense to be the work of creation. To which purpose, where he says
that the visible structure, never in repose at first but restless in
a confused and tempestuous motion, was at length by the hand of God
disposed and ranged into majestic order,—where he says that the four
elements, fire and water, earth and air, before the stately pile was by
them embellished and adorned, caused a prodigious fever and shivering
ague in the whole mass of matter, that labored under the combats of
their unequal mixtures, by his urging these things, he gives those
bodies room in the vast abyss before the fabric of the universe.
Again, when he says that the body was younger than the soul, and that
the world was created, as being of a corporeal substance that may
be seen and felt,—which sort of substances must necessarily have a
beginning and be created,—it is evidently demonstrable from thence that
he ascribes original creation to the nature of bodies. But he is far
from being repugnant or contradictory to himself in these sublimest
mysteries. For he does not contend, that the same body was created
by God or after the same manner, and yet that it was before it had
a being,—which would have been to act the part of a juggler; but he
instructs us what we ought to understand by generations and creation.
Therefore, says he, at first all these things were void of measure and
proportion; but when God first began to beautify the whole, the fire
and water, earth and air, having perhaps some prints and footsteps of
their forms, lay in a huddle jumbled all together,—as probable it is
that all things are, where God is absent,—which then he reduced to a
comely perfection varied by number and order. Moreover, having told us
before that it was a work not of one but of a twofold proportion to
bind and fasten the bulky immensity of the whole, which was both solid
and of a prodigious profundity, he then comes to declare how God, after
he had placed the water and the earth in the midst between the fire and
the air, incontinently closed up the heavens into a circular form. Out
of these materials, saith he, being four in number, was the body of the
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