Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
9. When Niloxenus had read out these answers, there was a short silence
among them; by and by Thales desires Niloxenus to inform him if Amasis
approved of these answers. Niloxenus said, he liked some and disliked
others. There is not one of them right and sound, quoth Thales, but
all are full of wretched folly and ignorance. As for instance, how can
that be most ancient whereof part is past, part is now present, and
part is yet to come; every man knows it is younger than ourselves and
our actions. As to his answer that truth is the most wise thing, it is
as incongruous as if he had affirmed the light to be an eye; if he
judged the light to be the most beautiful, how could he overlook the
sun; as to his solutions concerning the Gods and evil geniuses, they
are full of presumption and peril. What he saith of Fortune is void
of sense, for her inconstancy and fickleness proceeds from want of
strength and power. Nor is death the most common thing; the living are
still at liberty, it hath not arrested them. But lest we be censured as
having a faculty to find fault only, we will lay down our opinions of
these things, and compare them with those of the Ethiopian; and I offer
myself first, if Niloxenus pleases, to deliver my opinion on every one
singly, and I will relate both questions and answers in that method
and order in which they were sent to Ethiopia and read to us. What is
most ancient? Thales answered, God, for he had no beginning. What is
greatest? Place; the world contains all other things, this surrounds
and contains the world. What is most beautiful? The world; for whatever
is framed artificially and methodically is a part of it. What is most
wise? Time; for it has found out some things already, it will find out
the rest in due time. What is most common? Hope; for they that want
other things are masters of this. What is most profitable? Virtue; for
by a right managery of other things she makes them all beneficial and
advantageous. What is most pernicious? Vice; for it depraves the best
things we enjoy. What is the most strong? Necessity; for this alone is
insuperable. What is most easy? That which is most agreeable to nature;
for pleasures themselves are sometimes tedious and nauseating.
10. All the consult approved of Thales’s solutions. Then Cleodemus
said: My friend Niloxenus, it becomes kings to propound and resolve
such questions; but the insolence of that barbarian who would have
Amasis drink the sea would have been better fitted by such a smart
reprimand as Pittacus gave Alyattes, who sent an imperious letter to
the Lesbians. He made him no answer, except to bid him spend his time
in eating his hot bread and onions.
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