Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
This is the answer I purpose to return Esop, quoth Anacharsis, and
I tender it to Diocles as my share in this discourse; only let the
rest give in their opinions, if they please. Solon thought that house
most happy where the estate was got without injustice, kept without
distrust, and spent without repentance. Bias said, That house is happy
where the master does freely and voluntarily at home what the law
compels him to do abroad. Thales held that house most happy where the
master had most leisure and respite from business. Cleobulus said, That
in which the master is more beloved than feared. Pittacus said, That
is most happy where superfluities are not required and necessaries are
not wanting. Chilo added, That house is most happy where the master
rules as a monarch in his kingdom. And he proceeded, When a certain
Lacedaemonian desired Lycurgus to establish a democracy in the city, Go
you, friend, replied he, and try the experiment first in your own house.
13. When they had all given in their opinions upon this point, Eumetis
and Melissa withdrew. Then Periander called for a large bowl full of
wine, and drank to Chilo; and Chilo likewise drank to Bias. Ardalus
then standing up called to Esop, and said: Will you not hand the cup
to your friends at this end of the table, when you behold those
persons there swilling up all that good liquor, and imparting none to
us here, as if the cup were that of Bathycles. But this cup, quoth
Esop, is no public cup, it hath stood so long by Solon’s trenchard.
Then Pittacus called to Mnesiphilus: Why, saith he, does not Solon
drink, but act in contradiction to his own verses?—
I love that ruby God, whose blessings flow
In tides, to recreate my thirsty maw;
Venus I court, the Muses I adore,
Who give us wine and pleasures evermore.
Anacharsis subjoined: He fears your severe law, my friend Pittacus,
wherein you decreed the drunkard a double punishment. You seem, said
Pittacus, a little to fear the penalty, who have adventured heretofore,
and now again before my face, to break that law and to demand a crown
for the reward of your debauch. Why not, quoth Anacharsis, when there
is a reward promised to the hardest drinker? Why should I not demand
my reward, having drunk down all my fellows?—or inform me of any other
end men drive at in drinking much wine, but to be drunk. Pittacus
laughed at this reply, and Esop told them this fable: The wolf, seeing
a parcel of shepherds in their booth feeding upon a lamb, approaching
near them,—What a bustle and noise and uproar would you have made,
saith he, if I had but done what you do! Chilo said: Esop hath very
justly revenged himself upon us, who awhile ago stopped his mouth; now
he observes how we prevented Mnesiphilus’s discourse, when the question
was put why Solon did not drink up his wine.
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