Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 3 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 3 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
6. For my own part, I am fully persuaded that life itself, and our
being born at the rate we are, and the origin we share in common with
all mankind, were vouchsafed us by God to the intent we should be known
to one another. It is true, whilst man, in that little part of him, his
soul, lies struggling and scattered in the vast womb of the universe,
he is an obscure and unknown being; but, when once he gets hither
into this world and puts a body on, he grows illustrious, and from an
obscure becomes a conspicuous being; from an hidden, an apparent one.
For knowledge does not lead to essence (or being), as some maintain;
but the essence of things rather conducts us into the knowledge and
understanding thereof. For the birth or generation of individuals
gives not any being to them which they had not before, but brings that
individual into view; as also the corruption or death of any creature
is not its annihilation or reduction into mere nothing, but rather a
sending the dissolved being into an invisible state. Hence is it that
many persons (conformably to their ancient country laws), taking the
Sun to be Apollo, gave him the names of Delius and Pythius (that is,
conspicuous and known). But for him, be he either God or Daemon, who
hath dominion over the opposite portion, the infernal regions, they
call him Hades (that is, invisible)
Emperor of gloomy night and lazy sleep,
for that at our death and dissolution we pass into a state of
invisibility and beyond the reach of mortal eyes. I am indeed of
opinion, that the ancients called man Phos (that is, light), because
from the affinity of their natures strong desires are bred in mankind
of continually seeing and being seen to each other. Nay, some
philosophers hold the soul itself to be essentially light; which
they would prove by this among other arguments, that nothing is so
insupportable to the mind of man as ignorance and obscurity. Whatever
is destitute of light she avoids, and darkness, the harbor of fears
and suspicions, is uneasy to her; whereas, on the other hand, light
is so delicious, so desirable a thing, that without that, and wrapped
in darkness, none of the delectables in nature are pleasing to her.
This makes all our very pleasures, all our diversions and enjoyments,
charming and grateful to us, like some universal relishing ingredients
mixed with the others to make them palatable. But he that casts himself
into obscure retirements, he that sits surrounded in darkness and
buries himself alive, seems, in my mind, to repine at his own birth and
grudge he ever had a being.
7. And yet it is certain, in the regions prepared for pious souls, they
conserve not only an existence in (or agreeable to) nature, but are
encircled with glory.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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