Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 3 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 3 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
Again, as for the rudeness and insolency of such as have power in their
hands, they that stay in their country are no less forced to bear and
endure it than those that are driven out of it; nay, commonly the
former stand more in fear of false informations and the violence of
unjust rulers in cities than the latter. But his greatest mistake and
absurdity is his taking away all freedom of speech from exiles. It is
wonderful indeed if Theodorus had no freedom of this kind, who,—when
King Lysimachus said to him: Thou being such a criminal, the country
cast thee forth, did it not?—replied: Yes, not being able to bear me;
just as Semele cast out Bacchus, when she could bear him no longer. And
when the king showed him Telesphorus in an iron cage, with his eyes
digged out of their holes, his nose and ears and tongue cut off, and
said: So I deal with those that injure me, he was not abashed. What!
did not Diogenes retain his wonted freedom of speaking, who coming into
King Philip’s camp, when he was going to give the Grecians battle, was
brought before him for a spy; and confessed that he was so, but that he
came to take a view of his unsatiable greediness of empire and of his
madness and folly who was going in the short time of a fight to throw a
die for his crown and life?
And what say you to Hannibal the Carthaginian? Did not he use a
convenient freedom towards Antiochus (he at that time an exile, and
the other a king), when upon an advantageous occasion he advised him
to give his enemies battle? He, when he had sacrificed, told him the
entrails forbade it. Hannibal sharply rebuked him thus: You are for
doing what the flesh of a beast, not what the reason of a wise man,
adviseth.
Neither does banishment deprive geometricians or mathematicians of
the liberty of discoursing freely concerning matters they know and
have skill in; and why should any worthy or good man be denied it? But
meanness of thought obstructs and hinders the voice, strangles the
power of speech, and makes a man a mute. But let us see what follows
from Euripides:
JOC. Upon good hopes exiles can thrive, they say.
POL. Hopes have fine looks, but kill one with delay.[16]
This is also an accusation of men’s folly rather than of banishment;
for it is not the well instructed and those that know how to use what
they have aright, but such as depend upon what is to come and desire
what they have not, that are carried and tossed up and down by hopes,
as in a floating vessel, though they have scarce ever stirred beyond
the gates of their own city. But to go on:
JOC. Did not your father’s friends aid your distress?
POL. Take care to thrive; for if you once are poor,
Those you call friends will know you then no more.
JOC. Did not your high birth stand you in some stead?
POL. It’s sad to want, for honor buys no bread.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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