Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 5 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 5 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
for the service of his country, is in no small or mean degree useful to
the commonwealth, but in that at which Lycurgus chiefly and principally
aimed himself, when he accustomed young men to persist in obedience to
every one that was elder, as if he were a lawgiver. For to what, think
you, had Lysander respect, when he said that in Lacedaemon men most
honorably grew old? Was it because old men could most honorably grow
old there enjoying idleness, putting out money to use, sitting together
at tables, and after their game taking a cheerful cup? You will not,
I believe, say any such thing. But it was because all such men, being
after some sort in the place of magistrates, fatherly governors, or
tutors of youth, inspected not only the public affairs, but also made
inquiry—and that not slightly—into every action of the younger men,
both as concerning their exercises, recreations, and diet, being
terrible indeed to offenders, but venerable and desirable to the good.
For young men indeed always venerate and follow those who increase and
cherish the neatness and generosity of their disposition without any
envy.
25. For this vice, though beseeming no age, is nevertheless in young
men veiled with specious names, being styled emulation, zeal, and
desire of honor; but in old men, it is altogether unseasonable, savage,
and unmanly. Therefore a statesman that is in years must be very
far from being envious, and not act like those old trees and stocks
which, as with a certain charm, manifestly withdraw the nutritive juice
from such young plants as grow near them or spring up under them, and
hinder their growth; but he should kindly admit and even offer himself
to those that apply themselves to him and seek to converse with him,
directing, leading, and educating them, not only by good instructions
and counsels, but also by affording them the means of administering
such public affairs as may bring them honor and repute, and executing
such unprejudicial commissions as will be pleasing and acceptable to
the multitude. But for such things as, being untoward and difficult,
do like medicines at first gripe and molest, but afterwards yield
honor and profit,—upon these things he ought not to put young men, nor
expose those who are inexperienced to the mutinous clamors of the rude
and ill-natured multitude, but he should rather take the odium upon
himself for such things as (though harsh and unpleasing) may yet prove
beneficial to the commonwealth; for this will render the young men both
more affectionate to him, and more cheerful in the undertaking other
services.
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