Poetic diction: A study of eighteenth century verseQuayle, Thomas
History
Poetic diction: A study of eighteenth century verse
Quayle, Thomas
English language -- Diction; English poetry -- 18th century -- History and criticism
The pedantic and cumbrous terms, which swarm in the majority of the
Miltonic imitations, were artificial creations, rarely imbued with any
trace of poetic power. Where they do not actually arise from deliberate
attempts to imitate the high Miltonic manner, they probably owe their
appearance to more or less conscious efforts to make the new blank verse
as attractive as possible to a generation of readers accustomed to the
polished smoothness of the couplet. Though such terms linger on until
the time of Cowper, and even invade the works of Wordsworth himself,
romanticism utterly rejected them, not only because of a prejudice in
favour of “Saxon simplicity,” but also because such artificial formations
lacked almost completely that mysterious power of suggestion and
association in which lies the poetical appeal of words. Wordsworth, it is
true, could win from them real poetic effects, and so occasionally could
Thomson, but in the main they are even more dead and dreary than the old
abstract diction of the neo-classicals.
The tendency towards archaism was much more successful in this respect,
because it was based on a firmer foundation. In harking back to “the
poet’s poet,” the eighteenth century versifiers were at least on a right
track, and though it was hardly possible, even with the best of them,
that more than a faint simulacrum of the music and melody of the “Faerie
Queene” could be captured merely by drawing drafts on Spenser’s diction,
yet they at least helped to blaze a way for the great men who were to
come later. The old unknown writers of the ballads and Spenser and the
Elizabethans generally were to be looked upon as treasure trove to which
Keats and Scott and Beddoes and many another were constantly to turn in
their efforts to revivify the language of poetry, to restore to it what
it had lost of freshness and vigour and colour.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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