Literature, Modern -- 19th century -- History and criticism
He accepts De Quincey’s distinction between “the literature of power
and the literature of knowledge,” with the comment, “in the former
of which the composer gives us not fact, but his peculiar sense of
fact, whether past or present.” In the fine art of literature, the
identity sought between words and meaning is an identity between words
and the thing they represent in its private atmosphere, with its
particular meaning to the particular mind that thinks it. Throughout
his works is scattered evidence of the importance that Pater attributed
to this particularity of thought, dependent on the thinker and his
circumstances, the personality of thought which is really the guarantee
of its uniqueness, and in a sense, not only of its truth but of its
artistic rightness. In _The Child in the House_, for example:
“In later years he came upon philosophies which occupied him much
in the estimate of the proportion of the sensuous and the ideal
elements in human knowledge, the relative parts they bear in it;
and, in his intellectual scheme, was led to assign very little to
the abstract thought, and much to its sensible vehicle or occasion.”
And, in the essay on “Style” we are considering:
“... just in proportion as the writer’s aim, consciously or
unconsciously, comes to be the transcribing, not of the world, not
of mere fact, but of his sense of it, he becomes an artist, his
work _fine_ art....”
“Literary art, that is, like all art which is in any way imitative
or reproductive of fact--form, or colour, or incident--is the
representation of such fact as connected with soul, of a specific
personality, in its preferences, its volition and power.”
Let me attach to these another quotation from the same essay, to
illustrate his use of the word “soul,” the keyword of his belief:
“Mind and soul;--hard to ascertain philosophically, the distinction
is real enough practically, for they often interfere, are sometimes
in conflict, with each other. Blake, in the last century, is an
instance of preponderating soul embarrassed, at a loss, in an era
of preponderating mind. As a quality of style, at all events, soul
is a fact, in certain writers--the way they have of absorbing
language, of attracting it into the peculiar spirit they are of,
with a subtlety which makes the actual result seem like some
inexplicable inspiration.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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