Literature, Modern -- 19th century -- History and criticism
When we talk of words it is, if possible, better to talk in terms of
speech than thus indirectly in terms liable to debate, of the nature
of man, which, in this case at least, have led a careful writer into
inaccuracy. Blake was neither embarrassed nor at a loss. He thought
all the rest of the world was. A sort of diffidence would not allow
Pater to admit that he was thinking neither of soul nor of mind but
of a quality in Blake’s language, a quality markedly less evident in
the work of his contemporaries. Whenever Pater uses the word soul in
this sense he is thinking of the magical power in contradistinction
from the practical power of words. Blake’s words say more by what
they carry with them in suggestive atmosphere, than by what they
say. His speech is highly _potential_; and when Pater talks of soul
in literature he is talking of the potential element in the language
of literature, the element so noticeable in the language of his own
works. His insistence on truth, not only in the merely kinetic speech,
the thing said, but also in the potential speech that gives the thing
said its atmospherical particularity, distinguished his own work, and
deeply influenced the writers who followed him--Wilde, Dowson, perhaps
Mr. Yeats, at least in his prose, certainly Mr. Arthur Symons. It was
an indigenous spring of the tendency that, in France, has been called
Symbolist, with which the last of the younger writers I have mentioned
definitely allied himself. Pater’s expressed admirations for modern
French books are only such as suggest his ignorance of the best writers
in a later generation than that of Flaubert, who was, of course, not
twenty years his senior. He does not seem to have read those younger
men whose ideas so closely resembled his own, so closely that Frenchmen
often claim Pater’s most obvious disciple[7] for a pupil of the school
of Mallarmé.
With his care in the use of words, he had also a care for structure,
and for similar reasons. He says, as in a cruder way Poe had said long
before, but not with such close significance:
“The term is right, and has its essential beauty, when it becomes,
in a manner, what it signifies, as with the names of simple
sensations. To give the phrase, the sentence, the structural
member, the entire composition, song, or essay, a similar unity
with its subject and with itself:--style is in the right way when
it tends towards that.”
Those words embody in technical wisdom the profoundest understanding of
the aims of art and of the nature of artistic creation.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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