This declaration was looked upon as an argument by the magazine publishers as favoring their contention that the advertising portions of their periodicals are justified by legitimate business reasons, as an increased volume of advertising enables publishers to issue periodicals of much higher literary excellence. The postal authorities held with firmness to the conviction that advertising matter in publications is primarily for the advantage of the publisher, and therefore should be charged a higher rate than reading matter. Postmaster General Hitchcock went on record before the commission as declaring that he would recommend to Congress an increase on the advertising portion of magazines and newspapers of a cent a pound additional. Assuming that the postoffice officials are prompted by a legitimate purpose in their desire to increase rates on second-class matter, their arguments before the commission have been transparently weak, and an unbiased mind they would fail in convincing, but the feeling is that the commission will accept the conclusions of the postal authorities that the government rate of one cent a pound is inadequate for transporting second-class matter. To justify the position taken by the government that each schedule should maintain itself, the Postmaster General intends to press with vigor a reduction of first-class postage from two-cents to one cent a letter, he citing the profit on first-class mail and the alleged loss on second-class matter as his reason for the change of rate. Religious and denominational publications were represented before the commission, the contention being made by these that the doubling of the rate on second-class matter would work very serious injury to the religious press, forcing many publications out of business. This statement was made by E. R. Graham, representing the Methodist Book Concern publications in Cincinnati and New York, and seemingly it made an impression on the members of the commission. The attorneys representing the publishers were much interested in Mr. Graham’s statement, he being considered a competent authority on the matter.