Another variety of carved work can be produced upon a vase which has been previously dipped in colored “slip.” The design is then cut through the covering to the ground beneath, which should be of a contrasting color. Another method by which many varied and beautiful effects can be produced is that of incising lines, and cutting or pressing designs into the soft clay, which are then filled with various colored slips. The lines or other designs should be deeply cut, moistened with water and filled with the colored clays, which should be pressed into the depressions and allowed to dry. When dry, the surface can be scraped in a similar manner to that made use of in finishing incised work. It should be noted that in this latter work the body of the clay should be in a softer state than would be necessary for other carved or incised work. Carving in clay, as well as modeling and incising can be glazed with the colored majolica glazes with excellent effect. CHAPTER VII. PAINTING UPON THE BISCUIT. After the ware has been fired once and is in what is called the “biscuit,” it can be decorated by the use of underglaze colors, in the form of thin washes resembling water-color painting. Ware used for this purpose should be made of white, or very light cream-colored clay, as the colors, being used in transparent washes, would be dimmed, and would have their tints sullied by use upon a ground of dark color. On white ware those colors should be used which will best stand the heat necessary in the firing and glazing of this ware. For this reason painting executed on white is usually in monochrome, and only the strongest colors are used, such as blue, black, or brown. The best effect is produced by the use of blue. This style of work is familiar from the numerous pieces of Japanese ware, of porcelain or white earthen-ware, painted in blue, which are brought to this country. The method of painting is simple and not likely to prove difficult or uncertain as to its results in the hands of one familiar with the use of water colors. The color generally used is dark blue, and there are several different blues which furnish very fine tints. Among these might be mentioned Emery’s cobalt blue, which is excellent and does very well upon the white ware manufactured here. Phillips’ mazarine blue and Harrison’s Persian blue are also very rich, deep colors, the latter having a purplish tint. One of the best blues, as reliable and pleasing in color as any, has been prepared by Mr. Joseph Bailey, of the Hamilton Road Pottery.