Since 1950 it has become common practice for the Congress to attach to appropriation bills the provision that no salary or wages will be paid from any appropriation to an individual who either asserts the right to strike against the Government or belongs to an employees’ organization asserting this right. And no monies will be paid to an individual who advocates or is a member of an organization that advocates the overthrow of the Government of the United States.[259] The Defense Production Act of 1950 contained this type of provision.[260] It further provided that an affidavit shall be _prima facie_ evidence that the person making it has acted contrary to the statute.[261] Agencies also have been delegated broad power to suspend employees deemed security risks. An August, 1950 statute permitted the heads of the State, Commerce, Defense, Justice, and Treasury Departments, the Secretaries of the Army, Navy and Air Force, and others, in their absolute discretion and when deemed necessary in the interest of the national security, to suspend, without pay, any civilian official or employee.[262] Following notice and an opportunity to the suspended employee to submit statements and affidavits, and after investigation and review by the employing agency, his employment might be terminated as necessary or advisable in the interest of the national security. Since the employee is informed of the reasons for his suspension only to the extent that such agency head determines that the interests of the national security permit, he may encounter difficulty in formulating his defense. Interestingly enough while military emergency may be assigned as justifiable for banning or terminating employment of persons on the basis of their political affiliations, Congress has recognized that other kinds of emergency may require temporary suspension of such disqualifications to federal employment. The Department of Interior Appropriation Act of 1948 provided that in cases of emergency, caused by fire, flood, storm, act of God, or sabotage, persons might be employed for periods of not more than thirty days and be paid salaries and wages without the necessity of inquiring into their membership in any organization.