_Traditional Procedural Rights of Individuals_: Whether justifiable or not, in time of crisis encroachment upon the traditional rights and privileges of individuals invariably has been recorded. The Compulsory Testimony Act of August, 1954[263] may be an example of such legislation. It enables Congressional Committees in a limited number of instances to solicit the courts in compelling testimony from recalcitrant witnesses who have invoked their constitutional privilege against self-incrimination. Suspension of this constitutional safeguard is achieved by the immunity from prosecution accorded the witness under the terms of this measure. As to the scope of the immunity therein afforded, it is not in excess of that granted in laws previously enacted, notably the following: Interstate Commerce Act, Sherman Anti-Trust Act, Securities Exchange Act, Communications Act, National Labor Relations Act, Motor Carrier Act, Federal Power Act, Public Utility Holding Company Act, Industrial Alcohol Act, Merchant Marine Act, Bituminous Coal Act, Natural Gas Act, Civil Aeronautics Act, Fair Labor Standards Act, Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act, Social Security Act, Investment Company Act, Investment Advisers Act, Second War Powers Act, and Emergency Price Control Act, 1942. See a more extended listing in _Shapiro_ v. _U.S._[264] Emergency entails restraints upon the freedom of individuals to manipulate their property and to act as they please. Not only does the government, as has been noted, seize factories and mines, but can compel acceptance of government orders. CHAPTER V GOVERNMENTAL ACQUISITION OF PROPERTY In recent years the federal government has set up programs for the acquisition or disposition of productive facilities and natural resources. These programs have had various objectives, as for example the acquisition in conjunction with its parity payments policy of surplus agricultural commodities. Later acquisition programs, justified in terms of national defense, include the following: stockpiling of strategic raw materials; acquisition of land and equipment for military sites and for federally-owned productive facilities; the lending or leasing of federally-owned productive equipment to private producers; and the acquisition of plants and raw and finished materials incidental to enforcement of emergency control programs. STOCKPILING The Government may acquire natural resources in an effort to stockpile for defense purposes, in the course of expanding the military establishments or governmentally owned productive facilities, or it may acquire such resources to facilitate a privately financed defense project. This last purpose sometimes leads the Government to lend its power of eminent domain to private business concerns.