=Myelotome.= This is used only for the purpose of cutting the spinal cord squarely across in the removal of the brain. It has a slender steel stalk with wooden handle, and a short, thin, narrow blade set obliquely at the end of the stalk. This instrument is not absolutely necessary, as the cord may be satisfactorily cut with the point of the long section knife. [Illustration: FIG. 4—Myelotome] =Scissors.= (See Fig. 5.) A number of these are of service: one large and strong pair with long handles and short stout blades, another large pair curved or bent with the longer blade blunt- or probe-pointed, a small pair with a narrow, probe-pointed blade for opening small vessels or ducts. =Enterotome.= (See Fig. 6.) For opening the intestine the enterotome or intestinal scissors are used. These consist of one long probe-pointed blade bluntly rounded at its end, and a shorter blade with straight end fitting into the longer blade. Neither blade should be sharp-pointed. =Costotome.= (See Fig. 7.) The cartilage-shears have two short, thick blades, the upper one with a broad belly, the lower one curved. Between the strong handles a spring is placed, and the construction should be such that when the blades are closed the ends of the handles do not touch. The form in which the handles meet and are secured with a catch is a dangerous autopsy instrument because of the severe pinching that the operator’s hand is sure sooner or later to receive. =Saws.= (See Figs. 8, 9, 10.) A _small hand-saw_ (_bone-saw_) is necessary for opening the skull, and the same saw may be used to open the spinal canal. It is sometimes made with a rounded point (_“fox-tail” saw_). For sawing vertically through the base of the skull when exposing the nasal tract a larger _butcher’s saw_ with a high frame may be used. For sawing the angles of the skull-cap _Hey’s saw_ may be of service but is not essential. A _metacarpal saw_ may be used for opening small bones or the long bones of an infant. _Band saws_ are sometimes used in opening up the nasal tract. [Illustration: FIG. 5—Autopsy Scissors of Various Types] =Rhachiotome.= (See Fig. 11.) This instrument consists of two curved saw blades placed parallel to each other in such a way that the distance between them can be regulated by screws. There are two handles, a horizontal one for the right hand, and an upright one for the left hand attached to the fixed saw blade. It is used in opening the spinal canal. =Chisels.= (See Figs. 12, 13, 14.) A very convenient autopsy instrument is the _T-chisel_ or _skull-opener_, used for springing off the skull-cap and in detaching the periosteum. _Side-_ and _guarded-chisels_ may be used for the same purpose. The _hatchet-chisel_ may also be used on the skull or spinal column. _Straight_ and _curved bone-chisels_ are also necessary for the examination of the bones and bone-marrow.