20. =Signs of Trauma.= Location, size, character and condition of wound (bruises, bloody suffusions, hæmatoma, erosion, denudation, lacerations, punctures, crushing, blister, fractures, dislocations, bullet-wounds, marks of hanging, strangulation (abrasions in the neck caused by hanging show minute hemorrhages in and about their edges, particularly in the upper border; section of the neck shows small hemorrhages in the cervical tissues), or drowning, burns, action of corrosives (brown spots on lips), effects of electric currents, etc. In the case of powder-markings note number, direction, burning, singeing of hairs, etc.) In medicolegal cases the description of traumatic lesions should be especially minute and complete. An effort should be made to distinguish postmortem from antemortem wounds. Recent wounds have clean cut walls and edges covered with blood; old wounds show reaction, vascularization, granulations, adhesion of edges of wound, or of exudate. Postmortem wounds are usually free from blood unless large veins are ruptured. Loss of the epidermis before or after death causes in the cadaver yellowish or brown, firm, leather-like spots. 21. =Surgical Wounds.= Location, size, nature of operation, state of wound, character of surgical dressings, drainage, etc., discharge from wound as blood, pus, féces, urine, etc., odor of wound, age as shown by stage of repair, evidence of infection, etc. Hypodermic marks, saline injections, blisters, venesection, cupping, exploratory punctures, recent vaccination marks, etc., should be noted. 22. =Scars.= Location, size, character, recent or old, pigmented or pale, rough or smooth, contractures, keloids, traumatic or surgical, nature of injury or surgical operation, hypodermic scars, vaccination, acne, cupping, small-pox, chicken-pox, shingles, “electric belt,” croton oil, burns, etc.