English poetry -- 19th century -- History and criticism; Pre-Raphaelitism in literature
When we come to the study of the lives of the Victorian poets, we shall
find that Rossetti's whole existence was governed by his passion for
one woman, whom he loved in a strange mystical way, with a love that
was half art (art in the good sense) and half idolatry. To him she
was much more than a woman; she was a divinity, an angel, a model for
all things beautiful. You know that he was a great painter, and in a
multitude of beautiful pictures he painted the face of this woman. He
composed his poems also in order to please her. He lost her within a
little more than a year after winning her, and this nearly killed him.
I may say that throughout all his poems, speaking in a general way,
there are references to this great love of his life; but there is one
portion of his work that we must consider as especially illustrating
it, and that is the "House of Life," a collection of more than one
hundred sonnets upon the subject of love and its kindred emotions. But
the love of which Rossetti sings is not the love of a young man for a
girl--not the love of youth and maid. It is married love carried to the
utmost degree of worship. You will think this a strange subject; and
I confess that it is. Very few men could be praised for touching such
a subject. Coventry Patmore, you know, was an exception. He made the
subject of his own courtship, wedding, and married life the subject of
his poetry, and he did it so nicely and so tenderly that his book had a
great success. But Rossetti did his work in an entirely different way,
which I must try to explain.
Unlike Patmore, Rossetti did not openly declare that he took any
personal experience for the subject of his study; we only perceive,
through knowledge of his life, and through suggestions obtained from
other parts of his work, that personal love and personal loss were his
great inspiration. As a matter of fact, any man who sings about love
must draw upon his own personal experience of the passion. Every lover
thinks of love in his own way. But the value of a love poem is not
the personal part of it; the value of a love poem is according to the
degree in which it represents universal experience, or experience of a
very large kind. It must represent to some degree a general philosophy
of life. Even the commonest little love-song, such as a peasant might
sing in the streets of Tokyo, as he comes in from the country walking
beside his horse, will represent something of the philosophy of life
if it is a good and true composition, no matter how vulgar may be the
idiom of it. When we come to think about it, we shall find that all
great poetry is in this sense also philosophical poetry.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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