Art, Prehistoric; Folk literature -- History and criticism
[Illustration: Fig. 258. Slate dish with design representing a
sea-monster, Haida.]
The designs on the following series of carvings are no less
conventionalized. Fig. 258 is a sea-monster adjusted to a circular
slate dish. The carving is perfectly symmetrical. The drawing appears
asymmetrical because it has been taken from an eccentric point of view.
Here also the centre is occupied by the head of the animal. The tail
is seen under the lowest part of the mouth, turned upward in front of
the body. The arms are shortened considerably. They are attached to the
lower corners of the mouth, the paws touching the chin. The fins are
joined to the upper part of the arms, and are turned upward so that
they lie close to the sides of the face and about on a level with the
ears. Attention is called again to the spiral nostrils.
In fig. 259, which represents the front of a small box carved in slate,
the same sea-monster is shown. Again we see the animal cut in two, the
section separating the eyes and the ears, the mouth, however, being
left intact. Here the whole body has been omitted, with the exception
of the paws to which the fins are attached. The paws will be recognized
turned inward under the mouth, while the fins extend upward along
the outer margins of the slab. The dorsal fin has been bisected, and
one-half is shown in each upper corner. The ornament in the centre
of the upper margin probably represents the tail turned upward over
the back so that it almost touches the head. This arrangement must be
considered in connection with the formal treatment of boxfronts which
will be discussed later (pp. 263 et seq.).
[Illustration: Fig. 259. Front of a slate box with design representing
a sea-monster, Haida.]
[Illustration: Fig. 260. Slate slab with design representing a
sea-monster, Haida.]
Fig. 260 represents the carving on a slate slab. We have here a
different representation of the sea-monster, which is also, as we might
say, much abbreviated. The head occupies by far the larger portion
of the carving. The body which is seen underneath the head, in the
centre of the slab, is indicated by a comparatively small square with
rounded edges, decorated with two fins. The rest of the decoration
on the lower edge of the slab must be interpreted as the arms of the
monster, the large face on each corner representing an elbow. The whole
arm, extending from the elbow to the hand, is omitted. The latter is
indicated by an oval the centre of which is occupied by an eye. From it
rise the three fingers or claws. The important symbols of the monster,
the fins, which are attached to the fore arm, are shown adjoining the
elbow, and rise along the sides of the slab, outside of the eyes. The
two ornaments occupying the upper corners of the slab are undoubtedly
the tail. This arrangement is also determined by the general
principles governing the decoration of boxes (see p. 263).
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