Art, Prehistoric; Folk literature -- History and criticism
A number of square food trays, bent of a single piece of wood, are
not decorated according to this plan. The face, consisting of two
symmetrical halves, is replaced by a series of profiles (fig. 286); the
short and high sides have the large eye in the left hand upper corner;
the mouth in the lower right hand corner. The design on the long sides
represents the sides of the body. The large eyes stand, presumably,
for the shoulder joint and are placed in the center of the side; wrist
and fingers are in the lower left hand corner. The significance of
the design in the right hand upper corner is not clear. The general
distribution of the design elements is evidently determined by the
central position of the large eyes.
[Illustration: Fig. 286. Painted tray.]
[Illustration: Fig. 287. Painted boxes.]
The boxes shown in fig. 287 illustrate that still another pattern is
used on square boxes. Each of the four sides of the two boxes shown in
figs. 287 _a_ and _b_, is divided into four rectangles of unequal size.
The general plan of the two designs is almost the same, although there
are considerable differences in detail. It is quite evident that in 287
_a_ the lower part of the first and third sides represents legs and
feet. A distinct wing design appears in the left hand upper rectangle
of the fourth side, but otherwise the arrangement of the elements
is so arbitrary that a safe interpretation is impossible. It seems
plausible that in this case also the attempt at decoration was much
more important than the attempt at interpretation. An interpretation
was given to me for the box shown in fig. 287 _b_. Although obtained
from Charles Edensaw, one of the best artists among the Haida, I
consider it entirely fanciful. The first side to the left, corresponds
to the third side, which is opposite to it on the box. The second side
corresponds to the fourth side. Edensaw explained the design as showing
four interpretations of the raven as culture hero. The upper right
hand rectangle of the first side he claimed to represent the head of
the raven surmounted by the ear; the large eye to the left of it, in
the left hand upper corner, the shoulder and under it the wing and
tail. The design in the right hand lower corner he interpreted as the
foot; the toes are clearly visible in the lowest right hand corner of
this field. He claims that the head turned upside down in the left hand
upper rectangle of the second side represents the head of the raven
and under it the hand; the raven being conceived as a human being. The
rectangle in the upper right hand corner contains the shoulder; the
right hand lower corner under it, the tail; and the left hand lower
corner, leg and foot.
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