Primitive Athens as described by Thucydides — John Shaqi
Primitive Athens as described by ThucydidesHarrison, Jane Ellen
History
Primitive Athens as described by Thucydides
Harrison, Jane Ellen
Athens (Greece) -- Antiquities; Athens (Greece) -- Description and travel
Kekrops and his faithful daughter Pandrosos were not far sundered. The
situation of the Pandroseion is, within narrow limits, certain. It was
an enclosure to the west of the present Erechtheion. The invaluable
Chandler inscription[96] speaks of ‘the pillars on the wall towards
the Pandroseion.’ This must refer to the west wall, on which were four
engaged pillars at a height of about 12 feet from the ground. In another
inscription[97], found during the pulling down of the ‘Odysseus’ Bastion,
mention is made of two pediments, one towards the east and the other
‘towards the Pandroseion.’
We know, then, certainly that the Pandroseion was west of the present
Erechtheion. We know also that it was close to the ‘old temple of
Athena.’ Pausanias[98], in passing from the one to the other, distinctly
says: ‘The temple of Pandrosos adjoins the temple of Athena.’ As
Pausanias distinctly says there was a temple (ναός), not merely a temenos
or sanctuary (ἱερόν), it is disappointing that excavations have yielded
no trace.
In actual cultus and topography we have found Kekrops side by side with
one woman figure, Pandrosos. In current mythology he has three daughters,
of whom is told the thrice familiar story of the child and the chest[99].
It will repay examination.
The child Erichthonios is born from the Earth in the presence of Kekrops.
His real mother, Earth, gives him up to the tendance of Athena; such is
the scene familiar on terra-cottas and vase-paintings. Athena places him
in a chest or wicker-basket, and gives him to the three daughters of
Kekrops, Pandrosos, Herse, Aglauros, with strict orders not to open the
chest. The two sisters, Herse and Aglauros (or according to some versions
all three), overcome by curiosity open the chest, and see the child with
a snake or snakes coiled about him. In terror at the snake, who pursues
them, and fearing the anger of Athena, they cast themselves down from the
Acropolis.
The story is manifestly absurd, and in some of the elements plainly
aetiological.
The suicide of the disobedient sisters is easily explicable. Half way
down the Acropolis, below the steepest portion of the rock, were a number
of shrines and tombs. Why were they there? Clearly because the persons
after whom they were named had thrown themselves down, or been thrown
down, from the top. Such a shrine was the tomb of Talos[100], near the
Asklepieion. Daedalos was jealous of Talos, and threw him down from the
rock. Such was also the shrine of Aegeus[101], below the temple of Nike
Apteros, where Aegeus in despair at the sight of the black sail cast
himself down. Such was the sanctuary of Aglauros[102] on the north side
of the Acropolis. Somebody must have cast herself down to account for the
situation. When one sister only is mentioned she is naturally Aglauros,
but all three are often allowed to commit suicide for completeness sake.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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