HONOUR-WORDS. Such are _ohomi_ (exalted, grand), as _ohomi kami_, _ohomi uta_, _ohomi ma_; _mi_, as _mikokoro_, _miko_, _mi-hakashi_, _mi-keshi_, _mi-nemasu_ (His godship the God, His Majesty’s song, His Majesty’s horse, my lord’s meaning, my lord the Son (Prince), girt by my lord, my lord’s garments, my lord sleeps). Other honour- (or praise-) words are:-- _oho_ (great), _futo_ (stout), _toyo_ (rich), _o_ (for _oho_) as in _obito_, _omi_ (court officials); _mi_, _ma_, _mo_, _sa_, _oho_ also denote excellence (εὐ), _wo_ may be antithetic to _oho_, or it may be a term of intimacy, a sort of diminutive of endearment. The following honour-verbs should be here noted. _Tamafu_, _tamaheru_, _tamahari_, _oboshimesu_, _kikoshimesu_, _shiroshimesu_, _takashiru_, _owasu_, _owashimasu_, _masu_, _mimakareru_; verbs in causative form, _-asu_, _-saseru_, _-seshimu_; verbs in quasi-passive or potential, _-uru_, _-ruru_, _raruru_. Other laudatory expressions are _tama_ (precious), _uma_ (delicious, fine), _midzu_ (brilliant, fine), _umashi_ (_uma_), _kuhashi_ (lovely). A curious gradation of honour-forms is seen in the following: _mi yomimaseru ohomi uta_ (where the lay is attributed to a mikado), _ohomi uta_, _mi uta_, _yomitamaheru uta_, _yomeru uta_ (when the author is _miko_, _ason_, or official of lower rank). Among terms of affection may be noted:-- _waga_ (mine) or _wago ohokimi_, _waga kimi_, _waga kuni_, _waga se_, _wagimo_, _a oto_, _ago_, _na_, _se na_, _na se nane_, _nanimo_, _imo nane_ (my great lord, my lord, our land, my husband, my younger sister (wife or mistress), my brother, my child, thou, thou elder brother, elder brother thou, thou elder sister, thou younger sister, &c.). Words of exclamation, hope, entreaty, wonder, &c.:-- _Ana_, _ana ni_ (_ni_ is not a particle), _ya_ (= _yo!_), _ka_ (= ?), _kana_, _gana_, _mo gana_, _kamo_, _mo ga mo_, _moga_, _ga mo na_, _ya mo_, _shika_, _sane_, _ne_, _kose_, _kosene_, _na-so na-yume_, _ari kosenu ka mo_ (_ari-koso-ne_). These are explained in the notes to the text or in the glossary--their meaning is obvious for the most part. Repetitive or cumulative expressions (_kasane kotoba_) are common in the Manyôshiu and contain, mostly, a quibble in meaning or rhyme in sound. Such are _chichi no mi no chichi_ (father = _chichi_ = maiden-hair tree--the quibble is on the two _chichi_, and the double meaning of _mi_, fruit and person). _Hahasoba no haha_, mother (_haha_), as of the oak (_hahaso_ = Quercus dentata), &c. _Shiga no karasaki sakiku araba_ (here the rhyme is _Karasaki_ (Cape Kara in Shiga) and _sakiku araba_ (if flourish)). Such expressions are explained in the notes or glossary. Other repetitive expressions are simply emphatic or poetic: _Tsudohi tsudohi imashite_, they (the gods) assembling, _kamu hafuri hafuri_, burying--burying him (a mikado or miko) as a god; _ake no sohobune sohobune_, a red red-stained red-stained-ship, &c.