The stems in _e_, _i_ and _o_ are used as imperatives; _koge_, row!, _mi_, look!, _ko_ come!, often with addition of the vocative particle _yo_ (or _ro_)--_miyo_, _koyo_. They are also used as ‘indefinite’ (Chamberlain) forms, mood and tense being determined by that of the principal verb in the sentence. Before proceeding further it is well to state that in the regular Japanese sentence the principal verb is always at the end, the object (if expressed) in the middle, and the subject (if expressed) at the beginning of the sentence, while words of qualification precede the words qualified. In poetry however, especially in the Manyôshiu, inversions are common. All syllables in Japanese are open, and the terminal syllables of the stems are the consonants _b_, _f_, _g_, _k_, _m_, _n_, _r_, _s_, the digraph _ts_, _w_, _y_, and _z_ followed by the vowels _a_, _e_, _i_, _o_, _u_ (also _u_ without consonant as in _suu_, _e_ stem _suwe_, to place). Before _i_ _ts_ becomes _ch_, and before _e_ and _a_ _t_, before _i_ _s_ becomes _sh_ and _z_ _zh_; before every vowel except _u_ _f_ becomes _h_. All verbs have the stem in _u_, most verbs have also the stem in _a_ and _i_, some have also the stem in _e_ only, some in _i_ only. There are a very few irregular verbs. The following list of verbs and their stems will illustrate the above remarks:-- _yerabu_, _yerabi_, _yerabe_, _yeraba_ choose _omofu_, _omohi_, _omohe_, _omoha_ think _kogu_, _kogi_, _koge_, _koga_ row _sugu_, _sugi_ pass _fuku_, _fuki_, _fuke_, _fuka_ blow _tomu_, _tome_ stop _tsukanu_, _tsukane_ bind _toru_, _tori_, _tore_, _tora_ take _watasu_, _watashi_, _watase_, _watasa_ pass over _tatsu_, _tachi_, _tate_, _tata_ stand _su[w]u_, _suwe_ place _suyu_, _suye_ be rancid _sufu_, _suhe_ suck _mazu_, _mazhi_, _maze_, _maza_ mix _miru_, _mi_ (_mire_) see _suru_, _shi_, _se_ (_sure_) do _kuru_, _ki_, _ko_, _kure_, _ke_, _kere_ come [_wu_] _woru_, _wi_, _wiru_, _wore_, _wora_ be in, at The Japanese verb has neither number nor person, the forms that follow therefore are indefinite as to number and person. The locutions--or more strictly the complements that with the stem make up the locution--are given below as suffixed to the stem. Two moods may be distinguished. One I call Independent, in which form the verb is unconnected with any other verb, the other Dependent, in which the verb is connected with some verb in the Independent mood.[2] Mr. Chamberlain calls them Indicative and Oblique respectively.