Primitive Time-reckoning: A study in the origins and first development of the art of counting time among the primitive and early culture peoplesNilsson, Martin P. (Martin Persson)
History
Primitive Time-reckoning: A study in the origins and first development of the art of counting time among the primitive and early culture peoples
Nilsson, Martin P. (Martin Persson)
Chronology
The Euahlayi tribe also connect the Pleiades with the cold: they call
the stars ‘the Ice-maidens’, imagine them to be covered with ice,
and say that in winter they let ice drop on the earth and also cause
the winter thunderstorms[553]. Another tribe danced in order to win
the favour of the Pleiades; the constellation is worshipped by one
body as the giver of rain, but should the rain be deferred, instead
of blessings curses are apt to be bestowed on it[554]. The Arunta
say that the Pleiades are seven maidens who ascended into heaven,
but after many wanderings came back to Okaralyi, where they again
gathered _ugokuta_ fruit and danced in the women’s dance. During
this period the Pleiades are not to be seen in the sky, i. e. it is
the time between the evening setting and the morning rising. Here
therefore the constellation is connected with a phase of Nature, and
the whole is mythologically explained. According to another Arunta
myth the Pleiades are maidens who had danced at a circumcision
ceremony. After they had taken part in all the ceremonies in which
to-day the assistance of women is still requisite at this festival,
they went back to their native district, whence they ascended to
heaven and are now to be seen as the Pleiades. Not without reason
did the circumcision most frequently take place at the season when
the Pleiades rise at evening in the east and remain in the sky
all night long (this is the case in the summer months), so that
this prominent constellation was regarded as a spectator of the
festivities connected with the rite[555]. The Pleiades therefore
serve to determine the time of the feast, and this circumstance is
again invested with a myth. A tribe of Western Victoria connected
certain constellations with the seasons. The Pleiades are young
maidens playing to a corroboree-party of young men, represented by
the belt and sword of Orion. Aldebaran, ‘the Rose-crested Cockatoo’,
is an old man keeping time for the dancers. This group corresponds
with the months of November and December. As the year advances
Castor and Pollux appear: they are two hunters who pursue and kill
a kangaroo, Capella. The Mirage is the smoke of the fire at which
the kangaroo is cooked by the successful hunters. Those two groups
set forth the period of the summer. The breaking up of a prolonged
drought is thus explained:--Berenice’s Hair, which culminates in
March, is a tree with three big branches. When a shower of rain has
come, every drop is nevertheless sucked up by the dusty earth. A
small cavity formed at the junction of the three branches has however
retained a little water, and here it is imagined some birds drink.
The winter stars are Arcturus--who is held in great respect since
he has taught the natives to find the pupae of the wood-ants, which
are an important article of food in August and September--and Vega,
who has taught them to find the eggs of the _mallee_-hen, which are
also an important article of food in October. The natives also know
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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