The solution of uranium thus obtained contains uranium nitrate, a
little ammonium nitrate, a very small quantity of uranium acetate, some
ammonium acetate, and a little free acetic acid. Its sensibility is the
more pronounced as the acetates present in it are less in quantity. It
is important, therefore, never to prepare the solution with uranium
acetate.
=96. Typical Solution of Phosphoric Acid.=—In order to titrate a
solution of uranium, it is necessary to have a standard solution of
phosphoric acid; that is to say, a solution containing a precise
and known quantity of that acid in a given volume. This solution is
prepared by means of acid ammonium phosphate, a salt which is easily
obtained pure and dry. Sometimes as it may contain a small quantity
of neutral phosphate which modifies the relative proportions of
phosphoric acid and ammonia, and it is indispensable to have its
strength verified. The titer of the typical solution should be such
that it requires for the precipitation of the phosphoric acid which
it contains, a volume of the solution of uranium almost exactly equal
to its own, in order that the expansions or contractions which the
two liquors undergo, by reason of changes in the temperature of the
laboratory, should be without influence upon the results.
The solution of uranium prepared as has been indicated above,
precipitates almost exactly five milligrams of phosphoric acid per
cubic centimeter; the typical solution of phosphoric acid is prepared
with eight and one-tenth grams of acid ammonium phosphate pure and dry,
which is dissolved in a sufficient quantity of distilled water to make
one liter.
The acid ammonium phosphate containing 61.74 per cent of anhydrous
phosphoric acid, the quantity above gives exactly five grams of that
acid in a liter, or five milligrams in a cubic centimeter.
=97. Verification of the Strength of the Standard Solution of
Phosphoric Acid.=—The strength of the standard solution of phosphoric
acid is verified by evaporating a known volume, fifty cubic centimeters
for example, with a solution of ferric hydroxid containing a known
quantity of ferric oxid. The mass having been evaporated to dryness,
and ignited in a platinum crucible, gives an increase in the weight of
the iron oxid exactly equal to the amount of anhydrous phosphoric acid
contained therein, both the nitric acid and ammonia being driven off by
the heat.
To prepare the solution of ferric hydroxid, dissolve twenty grams of
iron filings in hydrochloric acid. The solution is filtered to separate
the carbon, and it is converted into ferric nitrate by nitric acid,
and the solution diluted with distilled water, and the ferric oxid
precipitated by a slight excess of ammonia. The precipitate, washed by
decantation with distilled water until the wash-water no longer gives a
precipitate with silver nitrate, is redissolved in nitric acid, and the
solution is concentrated or diluted, as the case may be, to bring the
volume to one liter.
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