Psychopathology and politicsLasswell, Harold D. (Harold Dwight)
Science
Psychopathology and politics
Lasswell, Harold D. (Harold Dwight)
Personality and politics; Political science; Psychoanalysis; Psychology, Pathological
Quick or slow to suggest policies or tactics
Almost totally uninventive
Systematically collects data prior to judgment
Impressionistic improvisation
Welcomes suggestion and criticism before decision
Impatient of suggestion and criticism before decision
Anxious to justify decision to those about or to world
Indifferent about justifying decision
Stubbornly holds to decision
Oscillates in decision
Much influenced by facts and arguments (or little)
Much influenced by appeals to sentiments (or little)
Much influenced by personal inducements (or little)
Much influenced by coercion (or little) (note that influence may
be negative as to direction)
Genuine pursuit of general interest in exercise of discretion, or not
Elated by victory or depressed
Genuine or narrow in sharing credit
Deeply depressed by defeat or satisfied in defeat
Interested in programs and values
Interested in processes and methods
Long-run or short-run objectives
Aims at immediate or eventual political action
Presses through to a decision capable of being tested
Conclusions or decisions vague
Ideal of responsible personal participation
Consistency between opinion and practices
Self-consciousness of own techniques
Conforms or not to family pattern (exaggerated, adoption of
opposite, ...)
III. Political interest
Formulated early and persists through life
Formulated early, lies dormant, reawakened
Aroused early, disillusioned
Aroused late
By this time it is perhaps superfluous to comment that every fact is
defined from the point of view of an observer, and that the problem
is to specify as definitely as possible the angle of observation of
the recorder. Trait lists are meaningless unless they can be filled
in by a fact-collecting process which surveys the various situations
with respect to which it is of possible relevance. It is very obvious
to the psychopathologist that the man who is “aggressive” at work
may be “timid” in sexuality. All too frequently personalities are
supposed to be “aggressive” when a certain number of raters have
agreed on it, without stopping to consider whether the raters have a
chance to become acquainted with the behavior of the individual in
many situations. The multiplication of ratings by persons who are in
a poor position to judge the subject (even by “intimate” friends who
do not, however, act as sexual partners) adds nothing but a spurious
specificity to the data. The interviewer who listens to the intimate
life of the individual through many weeks and months is in a very
strategic position to become acquainted with details of individual
reactions which even intimates have not seen. A “rating” must be taken
with special reference to the history of the relations of the rater
and the rated. It may be that we shall presently find that the ratings
of analysts in dealing with certain types of people who can be easily
identified do not substantially deviate from those of “intimates” or
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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