Psychopathology and politicsLasswell, Harold D. (Harold Dwight)
Science
Psychopathology and politics
Lasswell, Harold D. (Harold Dwight)
Personality and politics; Political science; Psychoanalysis; Psychology, Pathological
These institutionally derived categories fall short of clarity and
comprehensiveness. Some social processes occur within the framework
of every institutional process. Thus the settlement of disputes is
a prominent characteristic of government as we know it; but it is
not, and never has been, and cannot by the nature of things be, a
monopoly of government when government is defined as an institutional
division of social labor. No institution ever quite monopolizes the
function which it most distinctively exercises. But this need not
lead to confusion. When the settlement of disputes is a prominent
function of one group in society, and there is no other group which
participates in the same function in the same degree, there is no
hesitation in deciding to call the first group the “governors” and to
call the patterns according to which they are selected and operate the
“political or governmental” institutions of the community. If there is
a rival adjuster of differences, the distinction is by no means clear,
as when the “church,” “business,” and the “state” are rivals. Perhaps
the governors can be identified by finding who it is who handles the
coercion employed in defending or extending communal enterprises,
though this criterion may from time to time fail to differentiate.
But, on the whole, these doubts are marginal doubts. Ordinarily it is
possible to find a division of labor and a set of sentiments which
can be called the “government of the state.” The marginal instances
call attention to the fact to which allusion has been made, the
fact that no “institutional” process quite monopolizes the function
which it most distinctively exercises. It is therefore advisable to
describe communal processes by two sets of terms, one of which refers
to “institutions” and the other to “functions” which are found within
the various institutional frameworks. Much of the literature of
social science consists in terminological quibbles about the “proper”
words to use in this institutional or functional sense, often without
appreciating the essential nature of the matter at issue. It is, of
course, of the highest importance to understand the difference, and of
minor importance to agree upon the words with which to describe the
distinction.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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